{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T22:58:09Z","timestamp":1771023489189,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62192714"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62192714"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper investigates the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation-based target localization problem using an array radar under complex multipath propagation scenarios. Prevalent methods may suffer from performance degradation due to the deterministic signal model mismatch, especially when the exact knowledge of a propagation environment is unavailable. To cope with this problem, we first establish an improved signal model of multipath propagation for low-angle target localization scenarios, where the dynamic nature of convoluted interferences induced by complex terrain reflections is taken into account. Subsequently, an iterative implementation-based target localization algorithm with the improved propagation model is proposed to eliminate the detrimental effect of coherent interferences on target localization performance. Compared to existing works, the proposed algorithm can maintain satisfactory estimation performance in terms of target location parameters, even in severe multipath interference conditions, where the decorrelation preprocessing and accurate knowledge about the multipath propagation environment are not required. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed propagation model and localization algorithm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14133099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T01:48:38Z","timestamp":1656467318000},"page":"3099","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Target Height Measurement under Complex Multipath Interferences without Exact Knowledge on the Propagation Environment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8880-3451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4046-163X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2017.2767878","article-title":"Altitude estimation using multipath with a two-dimensional radar over spherical earth","volume":"54","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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