{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:42:59Z","timestamp":1760229779407,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62001355","61671350","61771379","61836009","XJS211901","61621005","2022GY-067","2019ZDLGY03-05","2018M633468"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62001355","61671350","61771379","61836009","XJS211901","61621005","2022GY-067","2019ZDLGY03-05","2018M633468"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["62001355","61671350","61771379","61836009","XJS211901","61621005","2022GY-067","2019ZDLGY03-05","2018M633468"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62001355","61671350","61771379","61836009","XJS211901","61621005","2022GY-067","2019ZDLGY03-05","2018M633468"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62001355","61671350","61771379","61836009","XJS211901","61621005","2022GY-067","2019ZDLGY03-05","2018M633468"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62001355","61671350","61771379","61836009","XJS211901","61621005","2022GY-067","2019ZDLGY03-05","2018M633468"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program in Shaanxi Province of China","award":["62001355","61671350","61771379","61836009","XJS211901","61621005","2022GY-067","2019ZDLGY03-05","2018M633468"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62001355","61671350","61771379","61836009","XJS211901","61621005","2022GY-067","2019ZDLGY03-05","2018M633468"]}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["62001355","61671350","61771379","61836009","XJS211901","61621005","2022GY-067","2019ZDLGY03-05","2018M633468"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62001355","61671350","61771379","61836009","XJS211901","61621005","2022GY-067","2019ZDLGY03-05","2018M633468"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data can be acquired at all times and are not impacted by weather conditions. They can efficiently capture geometrical and geographical structures on the ground. However, due to the complexity of the data and the difficulty of data availability, PolSAR image scene classification remains a challenging task. To this end, in this paper, a low-rank constrained multimodal tensor representation method (LR-MTR) is proposed to integrate PolSAR data in multimodal representations. To preserve the multimodal polarimetric information simultaneously, the target decompositions in a scene from multiple spaces (e.g., Freeman, H\/A\/\u03b1, Pauli, etc.) are exploited to provide multiple pseudo-color images. Furthermore, a representation tensor is constructed via the representation matrices and constrained by the low-rank norm to keep the cross-information from multiple spaces. A projection matrix is also calculated by minimizing the differences between the whole cascaded data set and the features in the corresponding space. It also reduces the redundancy of those multiple spaces and solves the out-of-sample problem in the large-scale data set. To support the experiments, two new PolSAR image data sets are built via ALOS-2 full polarization data, covering the areas of Shanghai, China, and Tokyo, Japan. Compared with state-of-the-art (SOTA) dimension reduction algorithms, the proposed method achieves the best quantitative performance and demonstrates superiority in fusing multimodal PolSAR features for image scene classification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14133117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T01:48:38Z","timestamp":1656467318000},"page":"3117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PolSAR Scene Classification via Low-Rank Constrained Multimodal Tensor Representation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Bo","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Xidian University, No. 2 South Taibai Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengqian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Xidian University, No. 2 South Taibai Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1996-186X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Biao","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Xidian University, No. 2 South Taibai Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3212-9584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danfeng","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shibin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Xidian University, No. 2 South Taibai Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jocelyn","family":"Chanussot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, Grenoble INP, GIPSA-Lab, Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Licheng","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Xidian University, No. 2 South Taibai Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Lee, J.S., and Pottier, E. 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