{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T20:03:34Z","timestamp":1775592214656,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]],"date-time":"2022-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Initiative for Excellence Research University grant from the AGH University of Science and Technology","award":["16.16.150.545"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16.16.150.545"]}]},{"name":"Initiative for Excellence Research University grant from the AGH University of Science and Technology","award":["2021\/05\/X\/ST10\/00058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/05\/X\/ST10\/00058"]}]},{"name":"Initiative for Excellence Research University grant from the AGH University of Science and Technology","award":["VEGA 1\/0736\/21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 1\/0736\/21"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Centre as part of MINIATURA 5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16.16.150.545"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16.16.150.545"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Centre as part of MINIATURA 5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021\/05\/X\/ST10\/00058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/05\/X\/ST10\/00058"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Centre as part of MINIATURA 5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VEGA 1\/0736\/21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 1\/0736\/21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education Science Research","award":["16.16.150.545"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16.16.150.545"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education Science Research","award":["2021\/05\/X\/ST10\/00058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/05\/X\/ST10\/00058"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education Science Research","award":["VEGA 1\/0736\/21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 1\/0736\/21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Changes of the antenna models on permanent global navigation satellite system (GNSS) stations can lead to jumps and discontinuities in the coordinate time series. In this paper, the results of research on the adequacy of the antenna phase centre corrections (PCC) variations are presented by analysing its component\u2014the antennas\u2019 phase centre offset (PCO). For this purpose, height differences were determined using different and independent methods: EUREF Permanent Network (EPN) combined solutions, Precise Point Positioning (PPP), and the single baseline solution. The results of GNSS processing were referenced to direct geometric levelling outputs. The research was conducted only within the global positioning system (GPS) system due to the compatibility of one of the receivers, and the experiment was based on a comparison of the height differences between four GNSS antennas located on the roof of a building: two permanent station antennas and two auxiliary points. The antennas were located at similar heights; precise height differences were determined by geometric levelling, both at the beginning and the end of the session. Post-processing was conducted with the use of the GPS system, precise ephemeris, the adopted antenna correction model, and a zero-elevation mask. For one of the antennas, a change of the antenna characteristic model from IGS08 to IGS14 leads to an 8-mm difference in height. Older antennas used in the national (or transnational) permanent network need individual PCC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14133226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T21:15:52Z","timestamp":1657142152000},"page":"3226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Phase Centre Corrections of GNSS Antennas and Their Consistency with ATX Catalogues"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7356-5377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukasz","family":"Borowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Construction Materials Engineering and Geoengineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4986-7436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek","family":"Kudrys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Geodesy and Cartography, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"Joint International Tourism College, Hainan University\u2014Arizona State University, Haikou 570228, China"}]},{"given":"Bartosz","family":"Kubicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Construction Materials Engineering and Geoengineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5578-7993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Sl\u00e1mov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNESCO Department for Ecological Awareness and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Technical University in Zvolen, 960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5514-8510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamil","family":"Maciuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Geodesy and Cartography, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"Joint International Tourism College, Hainan University\u2014Arizona State University, Haikou 570228, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Specht, M., Specht, C., D\u0105browski, P., Czaplewski, K., Smolarek, L., and Lewicka, O. 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