{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:55:59Z","timestamp":1760230559978,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41830109","41871254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41830109","41871254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Multi-angle polarization measurement is an important technical means of satellite remote sensing applied to aerosol monitoring. By adding angle information and polarization measurements, aerosol optical and microphysical properties can be more comprehensively and accurately retrieved. The accuracy of aerosol retrieval can reflect the advantages and specific accuracy improvement of multi-angle polarization. In this study, the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) V23 aerosol products and the Polarization and Directionality of the Earth\u2019s Reflectance (POLDER) GRASP \u201chigh-precision\u201d archive were evaluated with the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) observations over China. Validation of aerosol optical depth (AOD), absorbing aerosol optical depth (AAOD), and the \u00c5ngstr\u00f6m exponent (AE) properties was conducted. Our results show that the AOD inversion accuracy of POLDER-3\/GRASP is higher with the correlation coefficient (R) of 0.902, slope of 0.896, root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.264, mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.190, and about 40.71% of retrievals within the expected error (EE, \u00b1\u00a00.05+0.2\u00d7AODAERONET) lines. For AAOD, the performance of two products is poor, with better results for POLDER-3\/GRASP data. POLDER-3\/GRASP AE also has higher R of 0.661 compared with that of MISR AE (0.334). According to the validation results, spatiotemporal distribution, and comparison with other traditional scalar satellite data, the performance of multi-angle polarization observations is better and is suitable for the retrieval of aerosol properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14153697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T00:15:26Z","timestamp":1659485726000},"page":"3697","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Validation and Analysis of MISR and POLDER Aerosol Products over China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sunxin","family":"Jiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Mingyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"given":"Zhongbin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"given":"Benben","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"given":"Jinhua","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"given":"Liangfu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1064034","article-title":"Aerosols, Climate, and the Hydrological Cycle","volume":"294","author":"Ramanathan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.anchem.1.031207.113030","article-title":"Analysis of Atmospheric Aerosols","volume":"1","author":"Prather","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-environ-042009-094507","article-title":"Aerosol Impacts on Climate and Biogeochemistry","volume":"36","author":"Mahowald","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0469(2002)059<0590:VOAAOP>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Variability of Absorption and Optical Properties of Key Aerosol Types Observed in Worldwide Locations","volume":"59","author":"Dubovik","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Atmos. Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2007.12.010","article-title":"Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Source Attribution, Emission Factors and Regulation","volume":"42","author":"Ravindra","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1160606","article-title":"Flood or Drought: How Do Aerosols Affect Precipitation?","volume":"321","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020123922767","article-title":"The Role of Atmospheric Aerosols in the Origin of Life","volume":"23","author":"Tuck","year":"2002","journal-title":"Surv. Geophys."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-40422005000500025","article-title":"Atmospheric aerosols: Historical perspective, sources, chemical formation processes and organic composition","volume":"28","author":"Alves","year":"2005","journal-title":"Quim. Nova"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"063004","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/aabcdb","article-title":"Aerosols in Atmospheric Chemistry and Biogeochemical Cycles of Nutrients","volume":"13","author":"Kanakidou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2755","DOI":"10.5194\/angeo-27-2755-2009","article-title":"Uncertainties in Satellite Remote Sensing of Aerosols and Impact on Monitoring Its Long-Term Trend: A Review and Perspective","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Geophys."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wen, J., Wu, X., Wang, J., Tang, R., Ma, D., Zeng, Q., Gong, B., and Xiao, Q. (2022). Characterizing the Effect of Spatial Heterogeneity and the Deployment of Sampled Plots on the Uncertainty of Ground \u201cTruth\u201d on a Coarse Grid Scale: Case Study for Near-Infrared (NIR) Surface Reflectance. JGR Atmos., 127.","DOI":"10.1029\/2022JD036779"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"1873","article-title":"A Review of Atmospheric Aerosol Research by Using Polarization Remote Sensing. Spectrosc","volume":"34","author":"Hong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Spectr. Anal."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-13-593-2020","article-title":"Introducing the 4.4 Km Spatial Resolution Multi-Angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) Aerosol Product","volume":"13","author":"Garay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atmos. Meas. Tech."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-4-1383-2011","article-title":"Remote Sensing of Aerosols by Using Polarized, Directional and Spectral Measurements within the A-Train: The PARASOL Mission","volume":"4","author":"Dubovik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Meas. Tech."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1007\/s00376-009-8103-x","article-title":"Retrieval of Aerosol Optical Properties over the Beijing Area Using POLDER\/PARASOL Satellite Polarization Measurements","volume":"26","author":"Fan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Atmos. Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.5194\/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W9-51-2019","article-title":"Validation And Comparison Of Fine-Mode Aerosol Optical Depth Products Between Modis And Polder","volume":"XLII-3\/W9","author":"Ge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4471","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-14-4471-2021","article-title":"Characterization of Aerosol Size Properties from Measurements of Spectral Optical Depth: A Global Validation of the GRASP-AOD Code Using Long-Term AERONET Data","volume":"14","author":"Torres","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Meas. Tech."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3332","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.46.003332","article-title":"Retrieval of Aerosol Properties over Land Surfaces: Capabilities of Multiple-Viewing-Angle Intensity and Polarization Measurements","volume":"46","author":"Hasekamp","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Optics"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3573","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-12-3573-2020","article-title":"Validation of GRASP Algorithm Product from POLDER\/PARASOL Data and Assessment of Multi-Angular Polarimetry Potential for Aerosol Monitoring","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Earth Syst. Sci. Data"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2020.111894","article-title":"An Improved Algorithm for Retrieving High Resolution Fine-Mode Aerosol Based on Polarized Satellite Data: Application and Validation for POLDER-3","volume":"247","author":"Ge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2017.01.023","article-title":"MODIS 3 Km and 10 Km Aerosol Optical Depth for China: Evaluation and Comparison","volume":"153","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eibedingil, I.G., Gill, T.E., Van Pelt, R.S., and Tong, D.Q. (2021). Comparison of Aerosol Optical Depth from MODIS Product Collection 6.1 and AERONET in the Western United States. Remote Sens., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13122316"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2021.118684","article-title":"MODIS High-Resolution MAIAC Aerosol Product: Global Validation and Analysis","volume":"264","author":"Qin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17051","DOI":"10.1029\/96JD03988","article-title":"Operational Remote Sensing of Tropospheric Aerosol over Land from EOS Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer","volume":"102","author":"Kaufman","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8781","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2020.3021021","article-title":"Adapting the Dark Target Algorithm to Advanced MERSI Sensor on the FengYun-3-D Satellite: Retrieval and Validation of Aerosol Optical Depth Over Land","volume":"59","author":"Jin","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nichol, J., and Bilal, M. (2016). Validation of MODIS 3 Km Resolution Aerosol Optical Depth Retrievals Over Asia. Remote Sens., 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs8040328"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2004.824067","article-title":"Aerosol Properties over Bright-Reflecting Source Regions","volume":"42","author":"Hsu","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3180","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2006.879540","article-title":"Deep Blue Retrievals of Asian Aerosol Properties During ACE-Asia","volume":"44","author":"Hsu","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2018.12.004","article-title":"MODIS Collection 6.1 Aerosol Optical Depth Products over Land and Ocean: Validation and Comparison","volume":"201","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lyapustin, A., Martonchik, J., Wang, Y., Laszlo, I., and Korkin, S. (2011). Multiangle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC): 1. Radiative Transfer Basis and Look-up Tables. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 116.","DOI":"10.1029\/2010JD014985"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lyapustin, A., Wang, Y., Laszlo, I., Kahn, R., Korkin, S., Remer, L., Levy, R., and Reid, J.S. (2011). Multiangle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC): 2. Aerosol Algorithm. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 116.","DOI":"10.1029\/2010JD014986"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2012.09.002","article-title":"Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction for MODIS (MAIAC): 3. Atmospheric Correction","volume":"127","author":"Lyapustin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2019.01.013","article-title":"Evaluation of MAIAC Aerosol Retrievals over China","volume":"202","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1002\/2017JD027388","article-title":"Improving Remote Sensing of Aerosol Microphysical Properties by Near-Infrared Polarimetric Measurements Over Vegetated Land: Information Content Analysis","volume":"123","author":"Hou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Atmos."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waquet, F., Cairns, B., Knobelspiesse, K., Chowdhary, J., Travis, L.D., Schmid, B., and Mishchenko, M.I. (2009). Polarimetric Remote Sensing of Aerosols over Land. J. Geophys. Res., 114.","DOI":"10.1029\/2008JD010619"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20673","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JD900282","article-title":"A Flexible Inversion Algorithm for Retrieval of Aerosol Optical Properties from Sun and Sky Radiance Measurements","volume":"105","author":"Dubovik","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-4-975-2011","article-title":"Statistically Optimized Inversion Algorithm for Enhanced Retrieval of Aerosol Properties from Spectral Multi-Angle Polarimetric Satellite Observations","volume":"4","author":"Dubovik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Meas. Tech."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2019.116893","article-title":"Validation of POLDER-3\/GRASP Aerosol Products Using AERONET Measurements over China","volume":"215","author":"Tan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2020.106931","article-title":"Validation of POLDER GRASP Aerosol Optical Retrieval over China Using SONET Observations","volume":"246","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tao, M., Wang, J., Li, R., Chen, L., Xu, X., Wang, L., Tao, J., Wang, Z., and Xiang, J. (2020). Characterization of Aerosol Type Over East Asia by 4.4 Km MISR Product: First Insight and General Performance. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 125.","DOI":"10.1029\/2019JD031909"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4248","DOI":"10.1002\/2015JD023322","article-title":"An Analysis of Global Aerosol Type as Retrieved by MISR: MISR Aerosol Type","volume":"120","author":"Kahn","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Atmos."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holben, B.N., Eck, T.F., Slutsker, I., Tanre, D., Buis, J.P., Setzer, A., Vermote, E., Reagan, J.A., Kaufman, Y.J., and Nakajima, T. (1998). AERONET\u2014A Federated Instrument Network and Data Archive for Aerosol Characterization, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-4257(98)00031-5"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9791","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JD900040","article-title":"Accuracy Assessments of Aerosol Optical Properties Retrieved from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) Sun and Sky Radiance Measurements","volume":"105","author":"Dubovik","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12067","DOI":"10.1029\/2001JD900014","article-title":"An Emerging Ground-Based Aerosol Climatology: Aerosol Optical Depth from AERONET","volume":"106","author":"Holben","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2019.117251","article-title":"Evaluation and Improvement of MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth Products over China","volume":"223","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2018.09.004","article-title":"Evaluation of the AVHRR DeepBlue Aerosol Optical Depth Dataset over Mainland China","volume":"146","author":"Che","year":"2018","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2021.118265","article-title":"VIIRS Environmental Data Record and Deep Blue Aerosol Products: Validation, Comparison, and Spatiotemporal Variations from 2013 to 2018 in China","volume":"250","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2018.11.024","article-title":"Validation of Himawari-8 Aerosol Optical Depth Retrievals over China","volume":"199","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2015.2496322","article-title":"Improvement of the PARASOL Radiometric In-Flight Calibration Based on Synergy Between Various Methods Using Natural Targets","volume":"54","author":"Fougnie","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3145","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-11-3145-2018","article-title":"Validation of MODIS 3 Km Land Aerosol Optical Depth from NASA\u2019s EOS Terra and Aqua Missions","volume":"11","author":"Gupta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos. Meas. Tech."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2020.117768","article-title":"MODIS Collection 6.1 3 Km Resolution Aerosol Optical Depth Product: Global Evaluation and Uncertainty Analysis","volume":"240","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4619","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-12-4619-2019","article-title":"Validation, Comparison, and Integration of GOCI, AHI, MODIS, MISR, and VIIRS Aerosol Optical Depth over East Asia during the 2016 KORUS-AQ Campaign","volume":"12","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Meas. Tech."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosres.2013.05.018","article-title":"Characteristics of Aerosol Transport and Distribution in East Asia","volume":"132","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Res."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3917","DOI":"10.1029\/2018GL081225","article-title":"Modulation of Mid-Holocene African Rainfall by Dust Aerosol Direct and Indirect Effects","volume":"46","author":"Thompson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"3898","article-title":"Spatial-Temporal Distribution of Absorptive Aerosols in the Yangtze River Delta","volume":"40","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"813","article-title":"Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of PM2.5 in Yangtze River Delta (YRD) Region Based on the Ground Monitoring Data from 2013 to 2015","volume":"35","author":"Dai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Res. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosres.2020.105196","article-title":"A Study on the Characteristics of Ice Nucleating Particles Concentration and Aerosols and Their Relationship in Spring in Beijing","volume":"247","author":"Che","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Res."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ren, H., Li, A., Xie, P., Hu, Z., Xu, J., Huang, Y., Li, X., Zhong, H., Zhang, H., and Tian, X. (2021). The Characterization of Haze and Dust Processes Using MAX-DOAS in Beijing, China. Remote Sens., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13245133"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2019.06.004","article-title":"Performance of MODIS High-Resolution MAIAC Aerosol Algorithm in China: Characterization and Limitation","volume":"213","author":"Tao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/14\/15\/3697\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:01:14Z","timestamp":1760140874000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/14\/15\/3697"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["rs14153697"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs14153697","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-4292"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]}}}