{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T17:49:51Z","timestamp":1766598591170,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41771475","20dz1207107","KLGIS2017C01","40500\u221220104\u2212222235","40500-20104-222460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41771475","20dz1207107","KLGIS2017C01","40500\u221220104\u2212222235","40500-20104-222460"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Social Development Project of Science, Technology Innovation Action Plan of Shanghai","award":["41771475","20dz1207107","KLGIS2017C01","40500\u221220104\u2212222235","40500-20104-222460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41771475","20dz1207107","KLGIS2017C01","40500\u221220104\u2212222235","40500-20104-222460"]}]},{"name":"East China Normal University","award":["41771475","20dz1207107","KLGIS2017C01","40500\u221220104\u2212222235","40500-20104-222460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41771475","20dz1207107","KLGIS2017C01","40500\u221220104\u2212222235","40500-20104-222460"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University","award":["41771475","20dz1207107","KLGIS2017C01","40500\u221220104\u2212222235","40500-20104-222460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41771475","20dz1207107","KLGIS2017C01","40500\u221220104\u2212222235","40500-20104-222460"]}]},{"name":"Research Funds of East China Normal University","award":["41771475","20dz1207107","KLGIS2017C01","40500\u221220104\u2212222235","40500-20104-222460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41771475","20dz1207107","KLGIS2017C01","40500\u221220104\u2212222235","40500-20104-222460"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study implemented a stable Regional Reference Frame in Shanghai, East China (called SHRRF), using seven years of continuous GNSS observations from the Shanghai Continuously Operating Reference System stations (SHCORS) to examine reclaimed coast\u2013land subsidence. A well\u2212distributed core station network suitable for regional applications was derived. The instantaneous station coordinates and seven frame parameters (translations, rotations, and scale) were estimated at each epoch through minimum constraint during the process of aligning SHRRF to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF14). The average root mean square error (RMSE) of all stations under SHRRF was within 1.5 mm horizontally and 5 mm vertically for most epochs. Simultaneously, compared with the ITRF14 solutions, the average RMSE for each site at all epochs was reduced by ~30% horizontally and ~10% vertically. A temporal consolidation settlement model of the reclaimed soil under self\u2212weight was established by combining a geotechnical\u2212derived model with high precision permanent GNSS vertical solutions under SHRRF. The model indicates that ~50% of settlements occurred within 3.6 years, with the whole subsidence time being 46 years. SHRRF provides a precise regional reference frame for use in many East China geophysical applications besides reclaimed coast\u2013land settlement including hydrologic loading, microplate motions, and critical structure deformation monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14163984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T03:15:27Z","timestamp":1660706127000},"page":"3984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Stable Regional Reference Frame for Reclaimed Land Subsidence Study in East China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, East China Normal University, No. 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China"},{"name":"Engineering Center of SHMEC for Space Information and GNSS, East China Normal University, No. 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, East China Normal University, No. 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, East China Normal University, No. 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China"},{"name":"Engineering Center of SHMEC for Space Information and GNSS, East China Normal University, No. 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, East China Normal University, No. 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5888-7415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, East China Normal University, No. 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China"},{"name":"Engineering Center of SHMEC for Space Information and GNSS, East China Normal University, No. 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, East China Normal University, No. 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7943-3444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenglong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, East China Normal University, No. 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China"},{"name":"Engineering Center of SHMEC for Space Information and GNSS, East China Normal University, No. 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, East China Normal University, No. 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, L., Yang, T., Zhao, Q., Liu, M., and Pepe, A. 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