{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T07:27:45Z","timestamp":1770881265885,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation","award":["2241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2241"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The advent of unoccupied aerial vehicles (UAVs) has enhanced our capacity to survey wildlife abundance, yet new protocols are still required for collecting, processing, and analysing image-type observations. This paper presents a methodological approach to produce informative priors on species misidentification probabilities based on independent experiments. We performed focal follows of known dolphin species and distributed our imagery amongst 13 trained observers. Then, we investigated the effects of reviewer-related variables and image attributes on the accuracy of species identification and level of certainty in observations. In addition, we assessed the number of reviewers required to produce reliable identification using an agreement-based framework compared with the majority rule approach. Among-reviewer variation was an important predictor of identification accuracy, regardless of previous experience. Image resolution and sea state exhibited the most pronounced effects on the proportion of correct identifications and the reviewers\u2019 mean level of confidence. Agreement-based identification resulted in substantial data losses but retained a broader range of image resolutions and sea states than the majority rule approach and produced considerably higher accuracy. Our findings suggest a strong dependency on reviewer-related variables and image attributes, which, unless considered, may compromise identification accuracy and produce unreliable estimators of abundance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14164118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T23:49:56Z","timestamp":1661212196000},"page":"4118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Reduction of Species Identification Errors in Surveys of Marine Wildlife Abundance Utilising Unoccupied Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Eyal","family":"Bigal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel"}]},{"given":"Ori","family":"Galili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel"}]},{"given":"Itai","family":"van Rijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Rosso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMA Research Foundation, 17100 Savona, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9026-336X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christophe","family":"Cleguer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4810, Australia"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Hodgson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harry Butler Institute, Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia"}]},{"given":"Aviad","family":"Scheinin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Tchernov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Estimation of Density from Line Transect Sampling of Biological Populations","volume":"72","author":"Burnham","year":"1980","journal-title":"Wildl. Monogr."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hodgson, A., Kelly, N., and Peel, D. (2013). Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Surveying Marine Fauna: A Dugong Case Study. 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