{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:12:44Z","timestamp":1787497964214,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["41601446"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41601446"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["U1901215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1901215"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["21JCZDJC00670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21JCZDJC00670"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2021ZH04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021ZH04"]}]},{"name":"National 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China","award":["21JCZDJC00670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21JCZDJC00670"]}]},{"name":"Marine Special Program of Jiangsu Province in China","award":["2021ZH04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021ZH04"]}]},{"name":"Marine Special Program of Jiangsu Province in China","award":["2020-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-02"]}]},{"name":"Marine Special Program of Jiangsu Province in China","award":["2022-40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-40"]}]},{"name":"Marine Special Program of Jiangsu Province in China","award":["JSZRHYKJ202007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JSZRHYKJ202007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Investigation of subsidence situations is important for the design of railway lines. Traditional geological investigations are expensive. Multi-temporal InSAR (MT-InSAR) analysis has shown great potential for detecting subsidence areas along large-scale manmade linear features (LMLFs). The disadvantage of applying high-resolution SAR data such as that from TerraSAR-X and COSMO-SkyMed data is the high cost. By contrast, the free and open data from Sentinel-1 A\/B offer an unprecedented opportunity for InSAR applications. Despite these advantages, research investigating the potential for monitoring subsidence along LMSFs using multi-temporal Sentinel-1 InSAR data at the design stage of LMSFs is limited. This paper explores the monitoring ability of MT-InSAR analysis with Sentinel-1 A\/B multi-temporal data in an experiment along the planned Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway in Bandung, Indonesia. Subsidence patterns along the route of the planned high-speed railway were analyzed in detail. By means of validation using 12 leveling points, the root mean square error (RMSE) of the average displacement velocity that was obtained from the MT-InSAR results was found to be 10.31 mm\/yr. This paper demonstrates the potential of Sentinel-1 multi-temporal INSAR data to detect potential subsidence areas along planned LMLFs (e.g., the planned high-speed railway that is the focus of this study), serving as a reference for further planning of monitoring subsidence over planned LMLFs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14174138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T02:55:34Z","timestamp":1661309734000},"page":"4138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Monitoring Subsidence over the Planned Jakarta\u2013Bandung (Indonesia) High-Speed Railway Using Sentinel-1 Multi-Temporal InSAR Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0375-9947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingli","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, No. 92, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, No. 92, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9244-8464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep-Exploration, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo, Q., Perissin, D., Zhang, Y., and Jia, Y. 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