{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T23:08:11Z","timestamp":1767827291925,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Project of China","award":["2020YFA0608201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFA0608201"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Project of China","award":["BX20200064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BX20200064"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Project of China","award":["42061144003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42061144003"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Project of China","award":["41977405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41977405"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Project of China","award":["42101095"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42101095"]}]},{"name":"China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents","award":["2020YFA0608201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFA0608201"]}]},{"name":"China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents","award":["BX20200064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BX20200064"]}]},{"name":"China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents","award":["42061144003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42061144003"]}]},{"name":"China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents","award":["41977405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41977405"]}]},{"name":"China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents","award":["42101095"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42101095"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2020YFA0608201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFA0608201"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["BX20200064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BX20200064"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["42061144003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42061144003"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["41977405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41977405"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["42101095"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42101095"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Detecting crop calendar changes is critically important for crop monitoring and management, but the lack of annual, Asia-wide, and long-term rice calendar datasets limits our understanding of rice phenological changes and their climate drivers. In this study, we retrieved key rice phenological dates from the GLASS AVHRR LAI through combining threshold-based and inflection-based detection methods, analyzed the changes during the period 1995\u20132015, and identified the key climate drivers of the main rice seasons in Asia. The retrieved phenological dates had a high level of agreement with the referenced observations. All R2 were greater than 0.80. The length of the vegetation growing period (VGP) was mostly shortened (by an average of \u22124 days per decade), while the length of the reproductive growing period was mostly prolonged (by an average of 2 days per decade). Moreover, solar radiation had the most significant impact on the rice calendar changes, followed by the maximum and minimum temperatures. The VGP in tropical areas is the most sensitive to climate change. Our study extends the annual rice phenology dynamics to a higher spatial\u2013temporal resolution and provides new insights into rice calendar changes and their climate drivers, which will assist governments and researchers regarding food security and agricultural sustainability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14174189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T02:04:32Z","timestamp":1661479472000},"page":"4189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Asian Rice Calendar Dynamics Detected by Remote Sensing and Their Climate Drivers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3867-3740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huaqing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"School of National Safety and Emergency Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"School of National Safety and Emergency Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liangliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"School of National Safety and Emergency Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuchuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"School of National Safety and Emergency Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jichong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"School of National Safety and Emergency Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8574-0080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fulu","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.14619","article-title":"Plant phenology and global climate change: Current progresses and challenges","volume":"25","author":"Piao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Glob. 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