{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T05:32:21Z","timestamp":1772688741824,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"EUMETSAT"},{"name":"the Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Triple collocation analysis is an established technique for calculating the relative linear intercalibration coefficients and observation error variances for physical quantities measured simultaneously in space and time by three different observation systems. A simple parameterized error model is used. It relies on a few assumptions, one of which is that the observation errors are independent of the magnitude of the observed quantities. This is referred to as error orthogonality. Using an ocean surface vector winds data set of 44,948 collocations, this study shows that the violation of error orthogonality does affect the calibration coefficients but has only a small second-order effect on the observation error variances of the calibrated data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14174268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T00:13:56Z","timestamp":1661904836000},"page":"4268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Effect of Error Non-Orthogonality on Triple Collocation Analyses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3798-8705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jur","family":"Vogelzang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute KNMI, Utrechtseweg 297, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4018-4073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ad","family":"Stoffelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute KNMI, Utrechtseweg 297, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5383-9086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anton","family":"Verhoef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute KNMI, Utrechtseweg 297, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7755","DOI":"10.1029\/97JC03180","article-title":"Toward the True Near-surface Wind Speed: Error Modelling and Calibration using Triple Collocation","volume":"103","author":"Stoffelen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. 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