{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T04:28:48Z","timestamp":1772684928158,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,11]],"date-time":"2022-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government","award":["NRF-2021R1F1A1051827"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1F1A1051827"]}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government","award":["2021R1A6A3A01087241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A6A3A01087241"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2021R1F1A1051827"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1F1A1051827"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021R1A6A3A01087241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A6A3A01087241"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Geospatial Information Workforce Development Program funded by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korean Government","award":["NRF-2021R1F1A1051827"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1F1A1051827"]}]},{"name":"Geospatial Information Workforce Development Program funded by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korean Government","award":["2021R1A6A3A01087241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A6A3A01087241"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent decades, European countries have faced repeated heat waves. Traditionally, atmospheric CO2 concentration linked to repeated heat wave-induced photosynthetic inhibition has been explored based on local-specific in-situ observations. However, previous research based on field surveys has limitations in exploring area-wide atmospheric CO2 concentrations linked to repeated heat wave-induced photosynthetic inhibition. The present study aimed to evaluate the spatial cross-correlation of Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) CO2 concentrations with repeated heat wave-induced photosynthetic inhibition in Europe from 2009 to 2017 by applying geographically weighted regression (GWR). The local standardized coefficient of a fraction of photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR: \u22120.24) and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI: \u22120.22) indicate that photosynthetic inhibition increases atmospheric CO2 in Europe. Furthermore, from 2009 to 2017, the heat waves in Europe contributed to CO2 emissions (27.2\u201332.1%) induced by photosynthetic inhibition. This study provides realistic evidence to justify repeated heat wave-induced photosynthetic inhibition as a fundamental factor in mitigating carbon emissions in Europe.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14184536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T04:05:41Z","timestamp":1663041941000},"page":"4536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Spatial Cross-Correlation of GOSAT CO2 Concentration with Repeated Heat Wave-Induced Photosynthetic Inhibition in Europe from 2009 to 2017"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Young-Seok","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Environment Institute, Sejong 30147, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5816-3337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Schl\u00fcter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Natural and Economic Sciences, Ulm University of Applied Sciences, 89075 Ulm, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3123-3515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung-Sup","family":"Um","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27579-9","article-title":"The 2018 European heatwave led to stem dehydration but not to consistent growth reductions in forests","volume":"13","author":"Peters","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. 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