{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T14:53:21Z","timestamp":1783522401123,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Youth Science Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["42001211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42001211"]}]},{"name":"Youth Science Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["420071237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["420071237"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["42001211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42001211"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["420071237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["420071237"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Eco\u2212spatial networks play an important role in enhancing ecosystem services and landscape connectivity. It is necessary to study landscape structure optimization to achieve synergistic gains in network connectivity and ecosystem functionality. (2) Method: Based on remote sensing data, RS and GIS were used to evaluate the spatiotemporal changes in ecosystem services in China. Combined with complex network theory, the spatiotemporal evolution of China\u2019s ecological spatial network and its topological structure from 2005 to 2020 is discussed. Network function\u2013structure co\u2212optimization was carried out using the edge augmentation strategy. (3) Result: The \u201cthree River resource\u201d has high water conservation and high soil and water conservation in southeastern hilly areas. There is strong windbreak and sand fixation in southeastern Inner Mongolia. In the past 15 years, there have been about 8200 sources and about 14,000 corridors. The network has the characteristics of small\u2212world and heterogeneity. After optimization, 18 sources and 3180 corridors are added, and the network connectivity and robustness are stronger. Finally, five regions are divided according to the network heterogeneity and corresponding protection and management countermeasures are proposed to provide scientific guidance for the country\u2019s territorial space planning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14184593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T23:16:36Z","timestamp":1663197396000},"page":"4593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Evaluation of the Spatiotemporal Evolution of China\u2019s Ecological Spatial Network Function\u2013Structure and Its Pattern Optimization"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hongjun","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teng","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1874-9517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linzhe","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9345-2927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4690-5799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shi","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.143167","article-title":"Land\u2212use zoning management to protecting the Regional Key Ecosystem Services: A case study in the city belt along the Chaobai River, China","volume":"762","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. 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