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The accurate monitoring of carbon dioxide is essential to study the global carbon cycle and radiation budget on Earth. The Aerosol and Carbon Detection Lidar (ACDL) instrument onboard the Atmospheric Environmental Monitoring Satellite (AEMS) was successfully launched in April 2022, which allows a new perspective to quantify the global spatial distribution of atmospheric CO2 with high accuracy. In this work, the impact of the Doppler shift on CO2 measurements for an integrated-path differential absorption (IPDA) light detection and ranging (lidar) system was evaluated to meet the weighted column-averaged mixing ratio of carbon dioxide (XCO2) measurement requirements of less than one part per million (ppm). The measurement uncertainties due to the Doppler shift were first evaluated in airborne IPDA observations. The result shows that most of the Doppler shift is in the range of 6\u20138 MHz, resulting in 0.26-0.39 ppm deviations in the XCO2 results. The deviations between the XCO2 retrievals and in situ measurements decreased to 0.16 ppm after the correction of the Doppler shift from 11:28:29 to 11:28:49 in the flight campaign. In addition, the online Doppler shift accounts for 98% of the deviations between XCO2 retrievals and in situ measurements. Furthermore, the impact of the Doppler shift on ACDL measurements is also assessed. The differences between the XCO2 retrievals with and without Doppler shift are used to quantify measurement uncertainties due to the Doppler effect. The simulations reveal that a pointing misalignment of 0.067 mrad can lead to a mean bias of about 0.30 ppm (0.072%) in the CO2 column. In addition, CO2 measurements are more sensitive to the Doppler shift at high altitudes for IPDA lidar, so the largest differences in the CO2 columns are found on the Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau in China.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14184620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]],"date-time":"2022-09-16T01:35:10Z","timestamp":1663292110000},"page":"4620","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Study on the Impact of the Doppler Shift for CO2 Lidar Remote Sensing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xifeng","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences & Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather) and Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather) and Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Xingying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather) and Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Sen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather) and Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Zhili","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather) and Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather) and Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Yuhan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather) and Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite (FYSIC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing 100081, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Canadell, J.G., Monteiro, P.M., Costa, M.H., Da Cunha, L.C., Cox, P.M., Alexey, V., Henson, S., Ishii, M., Jaccard, S., and Koven, C. 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