{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T18:58:35Z","timestamp":1776625115484,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]],"date-time":"2022-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021J01627"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021J01627"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41601562"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41601562"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021J01627"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021J01627"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41601562"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41601562"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Climate change has exacerbated the frequency and severity of droughts worldwide. Evaluating the response of gross primary productivity (GPP) to drought is thus beneficial to improving our understanding of the impact of drought on the carbon cycle balance. Although many studies have investigated the relationship between vegetation productivity and dry\/wet conditions, the capability of different drought indices of assessing the influence of water deficit is not well understood. Moreover, few studies consider the effects of drought on vegetation with a focus on periods of drought. Here, we investigated the spatial-temporal patterns of GPP, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), and the vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in China from 2001 to 2020 and examined the relationship between GPP and water deficit\/drought for different vegetation types. The results revealed that SPEI and GPP were positively correlated over approximately 70.7% of the total area, and VPD was negatively correlated with GPP over about 66.2% of the domain. Furthermore, vegetation productivity was more negatively affected by water deficit in summer and autumn. During periods of drought, the greatest negative impact was on deciduous forests and croplands, and woody savannas were the least impacted. This research provides a scientific reference for developing mitigation and adaptation measures to lessen the impact of drought disasters under a changing climate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14184658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T04:49:22Z","timestamp":1663562962000},"page":"4658","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["The Effect of Drought on Vegetation Gross Primary Productivity under Different Vegetation Types across China from 2001 to 2020"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environment & Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1089-1869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rongrong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environment & Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9574-3090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virg\u00edlio A.","family":"Bento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6724-9597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Song","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environment & Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China"},{"name":"School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junyu","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, 5825 University Research Ct, College Park, MD 20740, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyu","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environment & Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8460-6821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qianfeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environment & Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0477-83.8.1149","article-title":"A review of twentieth-century drought indices used in the United States","volume":"83","author":"Heim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bull. 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