{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T17:41:06Z","timestamp":1775842866359,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation","award":["42192561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42192561"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation","award":["42192531"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42192531"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation","award":["GML2019ZD0302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2019ZD0302"]}]},{"name":"Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["42192561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42192561"]}]},{"name":"Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["42192531"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42192531"]}]},{"name":"Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","award":["GML2019ZD0302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2019ZD0302"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Global sea level rise is both a major indicator and consequence of global warming. At present, global warming is causing sea level rise in two main ways: one is the thermal expansion of sea water, and the other is the injection of large amounts of fresh water into the ocean after glaciers and ice sheets melt. In this paper, satellite altimeter data are used to study the total changes of global sea level from 2002 to 2020. Different from most previous studies, this study proposes a calculation method of sea level anomaly using only the along track altimetry data, which is similar to considering the satellite points as tide gauges, in order to avoid the error caused by interpolation in the map data. In addition, GRACE satellite data are used to calculate the changes of global sea level caused by water increase; temperature and salinity data are used to calculate the changes from ocean thermal expansion. Next, using satellite altimetry data, the calculation results show that the global sea level rise rate in the period of 2002\u20132020 is 3.3 mm\/a. During this period, the sea level change caused by the increase of sea water calculated with GRACE satellite data is 2.07 mm\/a, and that caused by the thermal expansion of seawater is 0.62 mm\/a. The sea level rise caused by the increase of water volume accounts for 62.7% of the total sea level rise.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14194854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T22:53:19Z","timestamp":1664405599000},"page":"4854","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Analysis of Global Sea Level Change Based on Multi-Source Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9579-1217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongjun","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Satellite Ocean Application Service, Beijing 100081, China"},{"name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application (MNR), Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Kailin","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Technology and Geomatics, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5468-1591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingsen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Satellite Ocean Application Service, Beijing 100081, China"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Satellite Ocean Application Service, Beijing 100081, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L01602","DOI":"10.1029\/2005GL024826","article-title":"A 20th century acceleration in global sea-level rise","volume":"33","author":"Church","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geophys. 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