{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T03:57:40Z","timestamp":1772596660050,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2022YFE0113900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFE0113900"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2016YFA0600304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFA0600304"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["XDA19030202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA19030202"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["ANSO-CR-KP-2020-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANSO-CR-KP-2020-07"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["2022YFE0113900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFE0113900"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["2016YFA0600304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFA0600304"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XDA19030202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA19030202"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["ANSO-CR-KP-2020-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANSO-CR-KP-2020-07"]}]},{"name":"Alliance of International Science Organizations","award":["2022YFE0113900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFE0113900"]}]},{"name":"Alliance of International Science Organizations","award":["2016YFA0600304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFA0600304"]}]},{"name":"Alliance of International Science Organizations","award":["XDA19030202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA19030202"]}]},{"name":"Alliance of International Science Organizations","award":["ANSO-CR-KP-2020-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANSO-CR-KP-2020-07"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Drought is one of the most common natural threats to agricultural production worldwide. Few studies have studied the effects of agricultural practices on drought mitigation at a regional scale over a long period. This paper analyzes the spatiotemporal characteristics in the agricultural drought-affected area change index (ADAC), which was developed to assess the drought mitigation. The linear regression method was used to investigate the impact factors on the change of ADAC in the three main winter wheat provinces of northern China. The results showed that the average ADAC during the main growing season in the study area was approximately \u221261.5% over the past 38 years, which indicated a great decrease of the agricultural drought-affected area. The significant decreasing trends of ADAC values across the study area during 1981\u20132000 could be explained by the area percentage equipped for irrigation (APEI) by 49.2\u201389.7%. There was a lack of pronounced change trends of ADAC during 2001\u20132018, implying that the positive effects of irrigation infrastructure in the plain area might reach a plateau under the constraints of available water resources, and other agricultural practices need to be investigated in the future. This research provides helpful decision information on drought adaptation management and water conservation project planning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14205197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T00:31:01Z","timestamp":1666053061000},"page":"5197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Evolution of Irrigation Effects on Agricultural Drought Mitigation in North China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Nana","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"given":"Bingfang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9261-7942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zonghan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"given":"Xiwang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China"}]},{"given":"Davdai","family":"Bulgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information and Research Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment (IRIMHE), Ulaanbaatar 15160, Mongolia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1038\/548164a","article-title":"Environmental science: Trends in ecosystem recovery from drought","volume":"548","author":"Seneviratne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10600","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1802129115","article-title":"Drought losses in China might double between the 1.5\u00b0 C and 2.0\u00b0 C warming","volume":"115","author":"Su","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Patrick, E. (2017). Drought characteristics and management in Central Asia and Turkey. FAO Water Reports (FAO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095-3119(13)60552-3","article-title":"Impacts of climate change on agriculture and adpative strategies in China","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Integr. Agric."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1400082","article-title":"Unprecedented 21st century drought risk in the American Southwest and Central Plains","volume":"1","author":"Cook","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate1633","article-title":"Increasing drought under global warming in observations and models","volume":"3","author":"Dai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Clim. Change"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.5291","article-title":"Will drought events become more frequent and severe in Europe?","volume":"38","author":"Spinoni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Climatol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2011.04.004","article-title":"Is irrigated agriculture in the Murray Darling Basin well prepared to deal with reductions in water availability?","volume":"21","author":"Wei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Glob. Environ. Change-Hum. Policy Dimens."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1084-0699(1998)3:2(140)","article-title":"Susceptibility of Water Supply Reservoirs to Drought Conditions","volume":"3","author":"Cancelliere","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Hydrol. Eng."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2017.12.042","article-title":"Anti-drought measures and their effectiveness: A study of farmers\u2019 actions and government support in China","volume":"87","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.12.004","article-title":"Current irrigation practices in the central United States reduce drought and extreme heat impacts for maize and soybean, but not for wheat","volume":"508","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3040","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.6137","article-title":"Effect of water-saving irrigation regime on whole-plant yield and nutritive value of maize hybrids","volume":"93","author":"Masoero","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2006.09.010","article-title":"Poverty Traps and Natural Disasters in Ethiopia and Honduras","volume":"35","author":"Carter","year":"2007","journal-title":"World Dev."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.07.316","article-title":"Assessing the drought mitigation ability of the reservoir in the downstream of the Yellow River","volume":"646","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"125","article-title":"Water stress impact on transgenic drought-tolerant corn in the northern Great Plains","volume":"106","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Agron. Soils Environ. Qual."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2010.09.013","article-title":"High-yield irrigated maize in the western U.S. Corn Belt: II. Irrigation management and crop water productivity","volume":"120","author":"Grassini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Field Crops Res."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erl165","article-title":"Deficit irrigation for reducing agricultural water use","volume":"58","author":"Fereres","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2009.04.009","article-title":"Deficit irrigation as an on-farm strategy to maximize crop water productivity in dry areas","volume":"96","author":"Geerts","year":"2009","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdisas.2019.100049","article-title":"Drought mitigation: Critical analysis and proposal for a new drought policy with special reference to Gujarat (India)","volume":"5","author":"Bandyopadhyay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog. Disaster Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catena.2018.02.005","article-title":"Effects of irrigation, crop residue mulch and nitrogen management in maize (Zea mays L.) on soil carbon pools in a sandy loam soil of Indo-gangetic plain region","volume":"165","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2018","journal-title":"CATENA"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2013.10.002","article-title":"Why do we need to standardize no-tillage research?","volume":"137","author":"Derpsch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mcdonald, R.I., and Girvetz, E.H. (2013). Two Challenges for U.S. Irrigation Due to Climate Change: Increasing Irrigated Area in Wet States and Increasing Irrigation Rates in Dry States. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065589"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iswcr.2018.03.002","article-title":"Effect of water conservation measures on soil moisture and maize yield under drought prone agro-ecological zones in Rwanda","volume":"6","author":"Uwizeyimana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Soil Water Conserv. Res."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1257\/app.6.1.190","article-title":"The Historically Evolving Impact of the Ogallala Aquifer: Agricultural Adaptation to Groundwater and Drought","volume":"6","author":"Hornbeck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. Econ. J. Appl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"054013","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/10\/5\/054013","article-title":"The impact of climate extremes and irrigation on US crop yields","volume":"10","author":"Troy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00704-014-1336-3","article-title":"Impacts of drought on grape yields in Western Cape, South Africa","volume":"123","author":"Araujo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Theor. Appl. Climatol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2017.09.017","article-title":"Deficit irrigation provokes more pronounced responses of maize photosynthesis and water productivity to elevated CO2","volume":"195","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agrformet.2012.06.002","article-title":"A Bayesian assessment of the current irrigation water supplies capacity under projected droughts for the 2030s in China","volume":"178","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Agric. For. Meteorol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"094021","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/11\/9\/094021","article-title":"Drought effects on US maize and soybean production: Spatiotemporal patterns and historical changes","volume":"11","author":"Zipper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13931","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13931","article-title":"Consistent negative response of US crops to high temperatures in observations and crop models","volume":"8","author":"Schauberger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"752","article-title":"How much water is used for irrigation? A new approach exploiting coarse resolution satellite soil moisture products","volume":"73","author":"Brocca","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.04.205","article-title":"Evaluating the impact of irrigation on surface water-groundwater interaction and stream temperature in an agricultural watershed","volume":"599","author":"Essaid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2005.09.028","article-title":"Effects of irrigation on the water and energy balances of the Colorado and Mekong river basins","volume":"324","author":"Haddeland","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3774(03)00201-4","article-title":"Effect of soil water deficit on evapotranspiration, crop yield, and water use efficiency in the North China Plain","volume":"64","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2010.01.008","article-title":"Water resources and water use efficiency in the North China Plain: Current status and agronomic management options","volume":"97","author":"Fang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wace.2014.03.003","article-title":"Drought preparedness and drought mitigation in the developing world\u2019 s drylands","volume":"3","author":"Solh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Weather. Clim. Extrem."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2015.02.003","article-title":"Assessing potential water savings in agriculture on the Hai Basin plain, China","volume":"154","author":"Yan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1175\/EI-D-14-0035.1","article-title":"Adaption of irrigation infrastructure on irrigation demands under future drought in the United States","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Earth Interact."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"55","article-title":"Agricultural resources and environmental indicators","volume":"Volume 98","author":"Osteen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Economic Information Bulletin"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2017.05.018","article-title":"Detecting dryland degradation using Time Series Segmentation and Residual Trend analysis (TSS-RESTREND)","volume":"197","author":"Burrell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.28991\/cej-2019-03091355","article-title":"Integrated TRMM Data and Standardized Precipitation Index to Monitor the Meteorological Drought","volume":"5","author":"Abdulrazzaq","year":"2019","journal-title":"Civ. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D12115","DOI":"10.1029\/2010JD015541","article-title":"Characteristics and trends in various forms of the Palmer Drought Severity Index during 1900\u20132008","volume":"116","author":"Dai","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2798","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2011.621464","article-title":"Forecasting crop production using satellite-based vegetation health indices in Kansas, USA","volume":"33","author":"Kogan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1080\/19475705.2014.895964","article-title":"A drought monitoring operational system for China using satellite data: Design and evaluation","volume":"7","author":"Yan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geomat. Nat. Hazards Risk"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2020.111813","article-title":"Agricultural drought mitigating indices derived from the changes in drought characteristics","volume":"244","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"72","article-title":"Spatialtemporal variation characteristics of meterological droughts in North China Plain during 1960-2009","volume":"21","author":"Lu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nat. Disasters"},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"111","article-title":"Researches on spatial and temporal succession law of agricultural drought in the past 60 years in China","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Southwest China Norm. Univ."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2014.12.013","article-title":"Information provision, policy support, and farmers\u2019 adaptive responses against drought: An empirical study in the North China Plain","volume":"318","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"key":"ref_49","unstructured":"Zhu, X.C., Wang, B.L., Zhao, G., Wang, S.H., and Liu, J.H. (2008). The strategic study of water saving and high efficiency water use in the Hai Basin. Research Report, GEF Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment."},{"key":"ref_50","unstructured":"Palmer, W.C. (1965). Meteorological Drought, Research Paper."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170191","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2017.191","article-title":"TerraClimate, a high-resolution global dataset of monthly climate and climatic water balance from 1958\u20132015","volume":"5","author":"Abatzoglou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1029\/2002EO000382","article-title":"World droughts in the new millennium from AVHRR-based vegetation health indices","volume":"83","author":"Kogan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eos Trans. Am. Geophys. Union"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang, S., Wu, B., Yan, N., Davdai, B., and Nasanbat, E. (2017). Suitability Assessment of Satellite-Derived Drought Indices for Mongolian Grassland. Remote Sens., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9070650"},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"Wu, B. (2017). China\u2019s Land Cover, Science Press."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JRS.8.083686","article-title":"An object-based approach to national land cover mapping using HJ satellite imagery","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_56","unstructured":"Kendall, M.G. (1975). Rank Correlation Methods, Charles Griffin."},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"87","article-title":"Impacts of drought intensity and drought duration on winter wheat yield in five provinces of North China Plain","volume":"74","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Geogr. Sin."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloplacha.2018.10.017","article-title":"Multisource data based agricultural drought monitoring and agricultural loss in China","volume":"172","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Glob. Planet. Change"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s10040-005-0482-1","article-title":"Privatization of tubewells in north china: Determinants and impacts on irrigated area, productivity and the water table","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hydrogeol. J."},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"900","article-title":"The adaptive irrigation behavior of farmers and impacts on yield during extreme drought events in the North China Plain","volume":"38","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Resour. Sci."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate2067","article-title":"Global warming and changes in drought","volume":"4","author":"Trenberth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Clim. Change"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09364","article-title":"The impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture in China","volume":"467","author":"Piao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.accre.2017.05.007","article-title":"Impacts of climate change on agricultural water resources and adaptation on the North China Plain","volume":"8","author":"Mo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Clim. Change Res."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2013.11.010","article-title":"Policy support, social capital, and farmers\u2019 adaptation to drought in China","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Glob. Environ. Change"},{"key":"ref_65","unstructured":"Klein, R.N., Lyon, D.J., and Kruge, G.R. (2021, May 25). Seeding Rates for Winter Wheat in Nebraska. G2056, Nebraska Extension Publications, USA. Available online: https:\/\/extensionpublications.unl.edu\/assets\/html\/g2056\/build\/g2056.htm."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/14\/20\/5197\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:56:04Z","timestamp":1760144164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/14\/20\/5197"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["rs14205197"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs14205197","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]}}}