{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T03:45:27Z","timestamp":1775447127962,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"project DTA.AD003.433\u2013PRIN 2017\u2013FLUIDs"},{"name":"DTA.AD004.065 \u201cSviluppo e applicazioni di metodi geofisici basati sull\u2019uso di dati di telerilevamento ambientale\u201d"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we describe new advances in the multiscale methodology to allow a more realistic interpretation of volcanic deformation fields by investigating geometrically irregular bodies and multi-source scenarios. We propose an integrated approach to be applied to InSAR measurements, employing the Multiridge and ScalFun methods and the Total Horizontal Derivative (THD) technique: this strategy provides unconstrained information on the source geometrical parameters, such as the depth, position, shape, and horizontal extent. To do this, we start from conditions where the biharmonic deformation field satisfies Laplace\u2019s equation and homogeneity law. We test the use of the multiscale procedures to model single and multisource scenarios with irregular geometries by retrieving satisfactory results for a set of simulated sources. Finally, we employ the proposed approach to the 2004\u20132009 uplift episode at the Yellowstone Caldera (U.S.) measured by ENVISAT InSAR to provide information about the volcanic plumbing system. Our results indicate a single ~50\u00d720 km2 extended source lying beneath the caldera at around 10 km b.s.l. (depth to the center), which is shallower below both the resurgent domes (6\u20137 km b.s.l. depth to the top).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14215328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]],"date-time":"2022-10-26T07:17:48Z","timestamp":1666768668000},"page":"5328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["New Advances of the Multiscale Approach for the Analyses of InSAR Ground Measurements: The Yellowstone Caldera Case-Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2448-7197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Barone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, 80124 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7843-3565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Pepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, 80124 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9745-5674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro","family":"Tizzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, 80124 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Fedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth, Environmental and Resources Science (DiSTAR), University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8425-0781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaele","family":"Castaldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, 80124 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3068","DOI":"10.1002\/2014GL059588","article-title":"Tomography from 26 years of seismicity revealing that the spatial extent of the Yellowstone crustal magma reservoir extends well beyond the Yellowstone caldera","volume":"41","author":"Farrell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Geophys. 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