{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T05:08:46Z","timestamp":1772860126013,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]],"date-time":"2022-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key Laboratory Fund of Microwave Imaging Technology","award":["E13D01011F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E13D01011F"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Laboratory Fund of Microwave Imaging Technology","award":["62101248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101248"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Laboratory Fund of Microwave Imaging Technology","award":["2022M711542"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M711542"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Laboratory Fund of Microwave Imaging Technology","award":["BK20210282"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20210282"]}]},{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["E13D01011F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E13D01011F"]}]},{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62101248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101248"]}]},{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022M711542"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M711542"]}]},{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["BK20210282"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20210282"]}]},{"name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["E13D01011F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E13D01011F"]}]},{"name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["62101248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101248"]}]},{"name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["2022M711542"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M711542"]}]},{"name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["BK20210282"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20210282"]}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu Province","award":["E13D01011F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E13D01011F"]}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu Province","award":["62101248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101248"]}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu Province","award":["2022M711542"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M711542"]}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu Province","award":["BK20210282"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20210282"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems have the capacity for day-and-night and all-weather surveillance, which has become increasingly indispensable for military surveillance and global comprehensive environmental monitoring. With the development of the high-resolution SAR imaging technique, studies on SAR jamming have also received much interest. Traditional jamming methods are based on linear-frequency-modulated (LFM) signals, and this method can achieve high main-lobe jamming gain. However, its sidelobe jamming energy is very low. To solve this issue, a novel nonlinear frequency modulation (NLFM) waveform design method for SAR jamming is proposed in this paper. Compared with LFM waveforms, the designed waveforms have the same main-lobe jamming gain and very high sidelobes, which can significantly improve jamming performance. Moreover, detailed simulation experiments were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the newly proposed jamming scheme.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14215370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]],"date-time":"2022-10-26T09:59:37Z","timestamp":1666778377000},"page":"5370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A Novel Jamming Method against SAR Using Nonlinear Frequency Modulation Waveform with Very High Sidelobes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1918-5052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8528-3227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guodong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Eduction, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6182-612X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Eduction, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2728-1810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qinghai","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7385-6171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bingnan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liangjiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pingping","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yirong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stimson, G.W. 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