{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T18:41:04Z","timestamp":1772822464572,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]],"date-time":"2022-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Platform Construction Project of High-Level Talent in KUST","award":["202201AT070164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202201AT070164"]}]},{"name":"Platform Construction Project of High-Level Talent in KUST","award":["202101AU070161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202101AU070161"]}]},{"name":"Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects","award":["202201AT070164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202201AT070164"]}]},{"name":"Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects","award":["202101AU070161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202101AU070161"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Affected by geographical location and climatic conditions, crop classification in the Yunnan Plateau of China is greatly restricted by the low utilization rate of annual optical data, complex crop planting structure, and broken cultivated land. This paper combines monthly Sentinel-2 optical remote sensing data with Sentinel-1 radar data to minimize cloud interference to conduct crop classification for plateau areas. However, pixel classification will inevitably produce a \u201cdifferent spectrum of the same object, foreign objects in the same spectrum\u201d. A principal component feature synthesis method is developed for multi-source remote sensing data (PCA-MR) to improve classification accuracy. In order to compare and analyze the classification effect of PCA-MR combined with multi-source remote sensing data, we constructed 11 classification scenarios using the Google Earth Engine platform and random forest algorithm (RF). The results show that: (1) the classification accuracy is 79.98% by using Sentinel-1 data and 91.18% when using Sentinel-2 data. When integrating Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data, the accuracy is 92.31%. By analyzing the influence of texture features on classification under different feature combinations, it was found that optical texture features affected the recognition accuracy of rice to a lesser extent. (2) The errors will be reduced if the PCA-MR feature is involved in the classification, and the classification accuracy and Kappa coefficient are improved to 93.47% and 0.92, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14225727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T04:24:10Z","timestamp":1668399850000},"page":"5727","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Rice and Greenhouse Identification in Plateau Areas Incorporating Sentinel-1\/2 Optical and Radar Remote Sensing Data from Google Earth Engine"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5119-0279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1918-5346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo-Hui","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6667-759X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China"},{"name":"Surveying and Mapping Geo-Informatics Technology Research Center on Plateau Mountains of Yunnan Higher Education, Kunming 650093, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5866-6321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guokun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148110","article-title":"Disclosing the future food security risk of China based on crop production and water scarcity under diverse socioeconomic and climate scenarios","volume":"790","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. 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