{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T20:14:39Z","timestamp":1775592879141,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21J00915"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21J00915"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tropical peatland in Southeast Asia has undergone rapid degradation and shows large subsidence due to oxidation and peat shrinkage. The measurement of those deformations is thus valuable for evaluating the peat condition and assessing peat restoration. The time series interferometric synthetic aperture radar (TInSAR), especially with the small baseline subsets (SBAS) method, is capable of measuring long-term deformation. However, the dynamic surface scatterers often change in tropical peatland, which degrades the coherent scatterer (CS) distribution density. This article presents a simple and efficient TInSAR approach that enhances the CS density under such dynamic surface scatter variation based on the SBAS method. In the presented approach, a long-time series of single-look complex images is separated into subsets, and deformation estimation is performed for each subset. The effectiveness of this simple solution was investigated by InSAR simulation and validated using SAR observation data. We applied the subset SBAS approach to the three-year Sentinel-1A C-band SAR dataset acquired over tropical peatland in Indonesia. The analyses showed an improved number of CSs for the introduced subset approach. We further introduce the color representation of CS temporal behavior per subset for visual interpretation of scatterer change.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14225825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T04:08:40Z","timestamp":1668744520000},"page":"5825","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Temporal Subset SBAS InSAR Approach for Tropical Peatland Surface Deformation Monitoring Using Sentinel-1 Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6554-3880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuta","family":"Izumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Hokkaido 050-8585, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9138-6601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wataru","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan"}]},{"given":"Joko","family":"Widodo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Organization of Aeronautics and Space, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia"}]},{"given":"Albertus","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Organization for Earth Sciences and Maritime, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia"}]},{"given":"Awaluddin","family":"Awaluddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Organization for Earth Sciences and Maritime, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia"}]},{"given":"Arif","family":"Aditiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geospatial Information Agency (BIG), Bogor 16911, Indonesia"}]},{"given":"Pakhrur","family":"Razi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Disaster Monitoring and Earth Observation, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang 25173, Indonesia"}]},{"given":"Titi","family":"Anggono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Organization for Earth Sciences and Maritime, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4036-6854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josaphat Tetuko Sri","family":"Sumantyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Osaki, M., Tsuji, N., Foead, N., and Rieley, J. 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