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Recently, a long-term statistical analysis based on a \u201cheating core\u201d filter was applied to explore thermal anomalies related to earthquakes; however, some gaps are still present. Specifically, (1) whether there are differences in thermal anomalies generated by earthquakes of different magnitudes has not yet been discussed; and (2) thermal anomalies in high-spatial-resolution data are often distributed in spots, which is not convenient for statistics of thermal anomalies. To address these issues, in this study, we applied high-spatial-resolution thermal infrared data to explore the performance of the \u201cheating core\u201d for earthquake prediction at different magnitudes (i.e., 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, and 5). The specific steps were as follows: first, the resampling and moving-window methods were applied to reduce the spatial resolution of the dataset and extract the suspected thermal anomalies; second, the \u201cheating core\u201d filter was used to eliminate thermal noise unrelated to the seismic activity in order to identify potential thermal anomalies; third, the time\u2013distance\u2013magnitude (TDM) windows were used to establish the correspondence between earthquakes and thermal anomalies; finally, the new 3D error diagram (false discovery rate, false negative rate, and space\u2013time correlation window) and the significance test method were applied to investigate the performance under each minimum magnitude with training data, and the robustness was validated using a test dataset. The results show that the following: (1) there is no obvious difference in the thermal anomalies produced by earthquakes of different magnitudes under the conditions of a \u201cheating core\u201d, and (2) the best model with a \u201cheating core\u201d can predict earthquakes effectively within 200 km and within 20 days of thermal anomalies\u2019 appearance. The binary prediction model with a \u201cheating core\u201d based on thermal infrared anomalies can provide some reference for earthquake prediction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14235925","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T02:54:05Z","timestamp":1669258445000},"page":"5925","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Application of 3D Error Diagram in Thermal Infrared Earthquake Prediction: Qinghai\u2013Tibet Plateau"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chengxiang","family":"Zhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingyan","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Earth Observation of Hainan Province, Hainan Aerospace Information Research Institute, Sanya 572029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geophysics, School Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100089, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5835-1829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mona","family":"Allam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"Environment & Climate Changes Research Institute, National Water Research Center, El Qanater EI Khairiya 13621\/5, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pengcheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"College of Engineering, Tibet University, Lhasa 850001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5073-1694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linlin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Earth Observation of Hainan Province, Hainan Aerospace Information Research Institute, Sanya 572029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xian","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"The Earth\u2019s Outgoing IR Radiation as an Indicator of Seismic Activity","volume":"301","author":"Gornyy","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc. 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