{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T17:44:58Z","timestamp":1767116698458,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,7]],"date-time":"2023-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["grant number 41971412","grant number 42171341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant number 41971412","grant number 42171341"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The two video satellites of the second and third batch of Zhuhai-1 microsatellites (referred to as OVS-2A\/3A) are operational with their hyperspectral satellites, which improves the data acquisi-tion capability of the Zhuhai-1 remote sensing satellite constellation. Contrary to the linear array push-broom hyperspectral satellites and plane array CCD video satellites, the OVS satellite is equipped with a planar array Bayer pattern sensor, which can obtain single-band grayscale images by push-broom imaging. Additionally, the Bayer color reconstruction algorithm can interpolate sensor data to provide RGB color band information. Therefore, for the Bayer pattern push-broom sensor, the relative calibration method of linear push-broom or array cameras cannot be directly applied. The radiometric calibration of the Bayer pattern push-broom imaging mode has become a matter of concern; therefore, this study developed a radiometric calibration method for the Bayer pattern push-broom sensor of the OVS satellite and verified its effectiveness and accuracy. OVS images were used to perform on-orbit relative radiometric calibration, and the calibration accu-racy, including streaking metrics and root-mean-square error, was better than 1%, meeting the specification requirements for the OVS satellite. Visually, after calibration correction, the streaking and striping noise of the Bayer images was removed, and the radiometric quality of the image was considerably improved, providing a good data basis for subsequent research in remote sensing applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15020377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T04:47:08Z","timestamp":1673239628000},"page":"377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["On-Orbit Relative Radiometric Calibration of the Bayer Pattern Push-Broom Sensor for Zhuhai-1 Video Satellites"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9788-732X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Litao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology (CCST), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), Beijing 100094, China"}]},{"given":"Zhixin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan Jiangshantuhua Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430074, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5777-4144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonghua","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9692-822X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhuhai Orbita Aerospace Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519080, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, L., Jiang, L., Zhang, J., Wang, S., and Chen, F. (2022). A complete YOLO-based ship detection method for thermal infrared remote sensing images under complex backgrounds. Remote Sens., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14071534"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1080\/01431168608948958","article-title":"Image correction for radiometric effects in remote sensing","volume":"7","author":"Teillet","year":"1986","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3927","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2022.2102951","article-title":"Tensor-based keypoint detection and switching regression model for relative radiometric normalization of bitemporal multispectral images","volume":"43","author":"Moghimi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Blanchet, G., Lebegue, L., Fourest, S., Latry, C., Porez-Nadal, F., Lacherade, S., and Thiebaut, C. (September, January 25). Pleiades-HR innovative techniques for radiometric image quality commissioning. Proceedings of the ISPRS\u2014International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Melbourne, Australia."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.3390\/rs70100430","article-title":"Radiometric non-uniformity characterization and correction of Landsat 8 OLI using earth imagery-based techniques","volume":"7","author":"Pesta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kabir, S., Leigh, L., and Helder, D. (2020). Vicarious methodologies to assess and improve the quality of the optical remote sensing images: A critical review. Remote Sens., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12244029"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murthy, K., Shearn, M., Smiley, B.D., Chau, A.H., Levine, J., and Robinson, M.D. (2014, January 22\u201325). SkySat-1: Very high-resolution imagery from a small satellite. Proceedings of the Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XVIII, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2074163"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, G., Li, L., Jiang, Y., Shen, X., and Li, D. (2018). On-orbit relative radiometric calibration of the night-time sensor of the LuoJia1-01 satellite. Sensors, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/s18124225"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5454","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2019.1579942","article-title":"On-orbit relative radiometric calibration of optical video satellites without uniform calibration sites","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pascal, V., Lebegue, L., Meygret, A., Laubies, M., Hourcastagnou, J., and Hillairet, E. (2002, January 23\u201327). SPOT5 first in-flight radiometric image quality results. Proceedings of the Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites VI, Crete, Greece.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.462633"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2003.07.008","article-title":"Radiometric characterization of IKONOS multispectral imagery","volume":"88","author":"Pagnutti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Anderson, C., Helder, D.L., and Jeno, D. (June, January August). Statistical relative gain calculation for Landsat 8. Proceedings of the Conference on Earth Observing Systems XXII, San Diego, CA, USA."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1080\/01431169008955060","article-title":"Destriping multiple sensor imagery by improved histogram matching","volume":"11","author":"WEGENER","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henderson, B.G., and Krauseb, K.S. (2004, January 4\u20136). Relative radiometric correction of QuickBird imagery using the side-slither technique on orbit. Proceedings of the Earth Observing Systems IX, Denver, CO, USA.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.559910"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10523","DOI":"10.3390\/rs61110523","article-title":"An analysis of the side slither on-orbit calibration technique using the DIRSIG model","volume":"6","author":"Gerace","year":"2014","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Begeman, C., Helder, D., Leigh, L., and Pinkert, C. (2022). Relative radiometric correction of pushbroom satellites using the yaw maneuver. Remote Sens., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14122820"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"1009","article-title":"A study on relative radiometric calibration without calibration field for YG-25","volume":"46","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Geod. Cartogr. Sin."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"1","article-title":"An Improved On-Orbit Relative Radiometric Calibration Method for Agile High-Resolution Optical Remote-Sensing Satellites with Sensor Geometric Distortion","volume":"60","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Angal, A., and Helder, D. (2005, January 23\u201327). Advanced Land Imager Relative Gain characterization and Correction. Proceedings of the Pecora 16\u2014Global Priorities in Land Remote Sensing 2005, Sioux Falls, SD, USA."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chung, K.H., and Chan, Y.H. (2010, January 19\u201323). An edge-directed demosaicing algorithm based on integrated gradient. Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, Singapore.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICME.2010.5583902"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2012.2210726","article-title":"Multiscale gradients-based color filter array interpolation","volume":"22","author":"Pekkucuksen","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Shrestha, A.K., and Helder, D. (2010, January 16\u201318). Relative gain characterization and correction for pushbroom sensors based on lifetime image statistics. Proceedings of the Civil Commercial Imagery Evaluation Workshop 2010, Fairfax, VA, USA."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/15\/2\/377\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:03:02Z","timestamp":1760119382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/15\/2\/377"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,7]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["rs15020377"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs15020377","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-4292"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,7]]}}}