{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:46:59Z","timestamp":1760147219022,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42104033","2022M712442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42104033","2022M712442"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China","award":["42104033","2022M712442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42104033","2022M712442"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the modernization of GLONASS, four M+ and two K satellites are able to broadcast code-division multiple-access signals at a G3 frequency. The evaluation of the G3 frequency is necessary, among which the satellite-induced code pseudorange variation is one of the most important indicators. Using the code-minus-carrier (CMC) combination, it was found that the magnitude of the code pseudorange variations at the G3 frequency is about 1 m, which is primarily caused by the fact that G3 is transmitted from a different antenna, the same as G1 and G2. However, different from BDS-2 medium Earth orbit and inclined geo-synchronous orbit satellites, the code pseudorange variations at the GLONASS G3 frequency have a very weak relationship with the elevation angle, while a strong correlation exists with the time series, by using wavelet transformation and correlation analysis. Validation is carried out using a single-site model and a continuous multi-site model over 24 h, and the correction performance of these two models is comparable. The systematic deviation of the CMC and Melbourne\u2013W\u00fcbbena combinations are significantly corrected, so only random errors remain. With a more concentrated distribution of the pseudorange residuals of single point positioning, the standard deviation of the pseudorange residuals is reduced.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15020431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T03:40:35Z","timestamp":1673408435000},"page":"431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mitigating Satellite-Induced Code Pseudorange Variations at GLONASS G3 Frequency Using Periodical Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1056-6406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linyang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"},{"name":"Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0576-3181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s43020-020-00023-x","article-title":"Status, perspectives and trends of satellite navigation","volume":"1","author":"Hein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Satell. 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