{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T07:55:59Z","timestamp":1769932559700,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]],"date-time":"2023-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Speckle noise exists inherently in the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image. Its multiplicative property leads to lots of difficulties in SAR image processing. A novel guidance-aided triple-adaptive Frost filter is proposed in this paper, which has potential for real-time processing platforms. Firstly, a scale-adaptive sliding window sizing method is adopted to determine the neighborhood ranges for every point in the image. All the subsequent processing is based on it. Then, an adaptive calculation for the tuning factor in the Frost filter is embedded into the proposed method. Lastly, the feature information apertured from the original image is used to provide guidance for edge recovery automatically, which guarantees the satisfactory ability for feature preservation. Thus, a novel improved Frost filter is proposed with triple adaptabilities. Both the positioning accuracy and response sensitivity of the scale-adaptive sliding window sizing method are verified first. The superiority of the adaptive tuning factor combined with the scale-adaptive sliding window is confirmed by two comparison experiments. At last, the results of speckle suppression experiments on the synthetic images and two natural airborne SAR images present a better performance than other methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15030551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]],"date-time":"2023-01-17T05:36:55Z","timestamp":1673933815000},"page":"551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Guidance-Aided Triple-Adaptive Frost Filter for Speckle Suppression in the Synthetic Aperture Radar Image"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7268-489X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiamu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2749-6934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenbo","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China"},{"name":"School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Biodiversity Intelligent Monitoring, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China"}]},{"given":"Zijian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China"}]},{"given":"Jiarong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8373-7136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongjun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China"}]},{"given":"Desheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2013.2242895","article-title":"Automatic Registration of Multisensor Images Using an Integrated Spatial and Mutual Information (SMI) Metric","volume":"52","author":"Liang","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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