{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T14:34:27Z","timestamp":1774449267823,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"SAST-SJTU advanced space technology joint research fund","award":["USCAST2019-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["USCAST2019-22"]}]},{"name":"SAST-SJTU advanced space technology joint research fund","award":["19GFH-HT01-625"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19GFH-HT01-625"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recently, non-terrestrial-satellite-networks (NTSN) have attracted more attention due to excellent performance. NTSN specifically refers to a mega satellite constellation network. Global coverage, low latency and high data rate make global interconnection possible. However, the lack of on-board energy degrades the efficiency of the network system. To solve those pressing problems, an energy sensitive and congestion balance (ESCB) routing scheme is proposed in this paper. To compensate for the limited energy of satellites, a tubular sliding time window (TSTW) model is proposed. The residual energy can be predicted by it and a multi-objective algorithm is applied to calculate the routing path. Energy constraints, network congestion and latency are taken into account in the specific algorithm. A traffic model consisting of two different services is introduced as a verification system. Simulations demonstrate that the specific routing scheme achieves energy balance and congestion avoidance. In addition, comparison results demonstrate that ESCB is superior to the virtual-topology-based shortest path (VT-SP) routing algorithm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15030585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T05:06:14Z","timestamp":1674104774000},"page":"585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["An Energy Sensitive and Congestion Balance Routing Scheme for Non-Terrestrial-Satellite-Network (NTSN)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1941-7116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yifei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}]},{"given":"Shufan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}]},{"given":"Qiankun","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}]},{"given":"Wenzheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Aerospace Systems Engineering Institute, Shanghai 201101, China"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Aerospace Systems Engineering Institute, Shanghai 201101, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.5515\/KJKIEES.2022.33.1.28","article-title":"Development of Terminal Modem Software for Terrestrial\/Non-Terrestrial Communication Based on 3GPP Standards","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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