{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T11:52:04Z","timestamp":1782129124624,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"national key research and development project","award":["2019YFA0607001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFA0607001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sea ice type classification is of great significance for the exploration of waterways, fisheries, and offshore operations in the Arctic. However, to date, there is no multiple remote sensing method to detect sea ice type in the Arctic. This study develops a multiple sea ice type algorithm using the HaiYang-2B Scatterometer (HY-2B SCA). First, the parameters most applicable to classify sea ice type are selected through feature extraction, and a stacking model is established for the first time, which integrates decision tree and image segmentation algorithms. Finally, multiple sea ice types are classified in the Arctic, comprising Nilas, Young Ice, First Year Ice, Old Ice, and Fast Ice. Comparing the results with the Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI-SAF) Sea Ice Type dataset (SIT) indicates that the sea ice type classified by HY-2B SCA (Stacking-HY2B) is similar to OSI-SAF SIT with regard to the changing trends in extent of sea ice. We use the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) high-resolution sea ice type data and EM-Bird ice thickness data to validate the result, and accuracies of 87% and 88% are obtained, respectively. This indicates that the algorithm in this work is comparable with the performance of OSI-SAF dataset, while providing information of multiple sea ice types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15030678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]],"date-time":"2023-01-24T01:59:03Z","timestamp":1674525543000},"page":"678","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Multiple Sea Ice Type Retrieval Using the HaiYang-2B Scatterometer in the Arctic"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lu","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Marine Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haihua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Marine Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China"},{"name":"University Corporation for Polar Research (UCPR), Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9902-8035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Marine Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China"},{"name":"University Corporation for Polar Research (UCPR), Beijing 100875, China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lele","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Marine Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China"},{"name":"University Corporation for Polar Research (UCPR), Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1080\/07055900.1983.9649166","article-title":"The role of sea ice in climatic variability: Theories and evidence","volume":"21","author":"Walsh","year":"1983","journal-title":"Atmos. 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