{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:49:39Z","timestamp":1760147379742,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chaozhou Special Fund for Human Resource Development","award":["2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Due to the complex and variable climate structure in Southwest China (SW), the impacts of climate variables on vegetation change and the interactions between climate factors remain controversial, considering the uncertainty and complexity in the relationships between climate factors and vegetation in this region. In this study, the CRU TS v. 4.02 from 1982 to 2017 and the annual maximum (P100), upper quarter quantile (P75), median (P50), lower quarter quantile (P25), minimum (P5), and mean (Mean) of GIMMS NDVI were utilized to reveal the main and interaction effects of significant climate variables on vegetation development at the level of SW and the core areas (CAs) of typical climate type (including T+ *\u2013P+ *, T+ *\u2013P\u2013, T+ *\u2013P+, and NSC) using the simple moving average method, a multivariate linear model, the slope method, and the Johnson\u2013Neyman method. The obtained regression relationships between NDVI, temperature, and precipitation were verified successfully by constructing multiple linear models with interaction terms. Within the T+ *\u2013P\u2013 CA, precipitation had the main impact; meanwhile, in the SW and other CAs, the temperature had the main effect. In general, most of the significant moderating effects of temperature (precipitation) on vegetation growth predominantly increased with the increase in precipitation (temperature). Nevertheless, the significant moderating effect varied in different regions and directions. In the SW area, when the temperature\/precipitation was in the range of [4.73 \u00b0C, 5.13 \u00b0C]\/[730.00 mm, 753.95 mm], the impact of temperature\/precipitation on NDVI had a significant positive regulating effect with respect to the precipitation\/temperature. Meanwhile, in the NSC\/T+ *\u2013P+ * areas, when the temperature\/precipitation was in the range of [15.99 \u00b0C, 16.03 \u00b0C]\/[725.17 mm, 752.82 mm], the impact of temperature\/precipitation on NDVI has a significant negative moderating role with respect to the precipitation\/temperature. Overall, our study provides a modern context for clearly uncovering the complexity of the effect of climate alteration on vegetation development, allowing for clarification of the alterations in vegetation development due to climate change.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15030774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T10:19:28Z","timestamp":1675073968000},"page":"774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quantifying the Interaction Effects of Climatic Factors on Vegetation Growth in Southwest China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2016-6190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chaozhou Environmental Information Center, Chaozhou 521011, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4441-3187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhengfeng","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaz5489","article-title":"History, mass loss, structure, and dynamic behavior of the Antarctic Ice Sheet","volume":"367","author":"Bell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"IPCC (2013). 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