{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T12:24:18Z","timestamp":1770985458651,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61871175"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61871175"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41901302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41901302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RIMP2020003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RIMP2020003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Foundation of Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education","award":["61871175"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61871175"]}]},{"name":"Foundation of Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education","award":["41901302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41901302"]}]},{"name":"Foundation of Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education","award":["RIMP2020003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RIMP2020003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), as an active microwave sensor, can inevitably receive radio frequency interference (RFI) generated by various electromagnetic equipment. When the SAR system receives RFI, it will affect SAR imaging and limit the application of SAR images. As a kind of RFI mitigation method, notch filtering method is a classical method with high efficiency and robust performance. However, the notch filtering methods pay no attention to the protection of useful signals. This paper proposed a modified 2-D notch filter based on image segmentation for RFI mitigation with signal-protected capability. (1) The adaptive gamma correction (AGC) approach was utilized to enhance the SAR image with RFI in the range-frequency and azimuth-time domain. (2) The modified selective binary and Gaussian filtering regularized level set (SBGFRLS) model was utilized to further process the image after AGC to accurately extract the contour of the useful signals with interference, which is more conducive to protecting the useful signals without interference. (3) The Generalized Singular Value Thresholding (GSVT) based low-rank sparse decomposition (LRSD) model was utilized to separate the RFI signals and the useful signals. Then, the useful signals were restored to the raw data. The simulation experiments and measured data experiments show that the proposed method can effectively mitigate RFI and protect the useful signals whether there are RFI with single source or multiple sources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15030846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T03:36:57Z","timestamp":1675395417000},"page":"846","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A Modified 2-D Notch Filter Based on Image Segmentation for RFI Mitigation in Synthetic Aperture Radar"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zewen","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology and Application, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"},{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"},{"name":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8168-4595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hengrui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology and Application, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"},{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"},{"name":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3027-9837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianhui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology and Application, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"},{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"},{"name":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4358-6449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ning","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology and Application, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"},{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"},{"name":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"}]},{"given":"Fengbin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China"},{"name":"College of Information Engineering, Henan Kaifeng College of Science Technology and Communication, Kaifeng 475004, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, B., Xu, G., Zhou, R., Zhang, H., and Hong, W. 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