{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T12:36:03Z","timestamp":1775219763047,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"INGV"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Volcano ground deformation is a tricky puzzle in which different phenomena contribute to the surface displacements with different spatial\u2013temporal patterns. We documented some high variable deformation patterns in response to the different volcanic and seismic activities occurring at Mt. Etna through the January 2015\u2013March 2021 period by exploiting an extensive dataset of GNSS and InSAR observations. The most spectacular pattern is the superfast seaward motion of the eastern flank. We also observed that rare flank motion reversal indicates that the short-term contraction of the volcano occasionally overcomes the gravity-controlled sliding of the eastern flank. Conversely, fast dike intrusion led to the acceleration of the sliding flank, which could potentially evolve into sudden collapses, fault creep, and seismic release, increasing the hazard. A better comprehension of these interactions can be of relevance for addressing short-term scenarios, yielding a tentative forecasting of the quantity of magma accumulating within the plumbing system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15030847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T03:36:57Z","timestamp":1675395417000},"page":"847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Coupling Flank Collapse and Magma Dynamics on Stratovolcanoes: The Mt. Etna Example from InSAR and GNSS Observations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4851-4193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Pezzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Nazionale Terremoti, 00143 Rome, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7254-7855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mimmo","family":"Palano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Catania, Osservatorio Etneo, 95125 Catania, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4489-7871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Beccaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Nazionale Terremoti, 00143 Rome, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7378-0712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiano","family":"Tolomei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Nazionale Terremoti, 00143 Rome, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2772-2401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Albano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Nazionale Terremoti, 00143 Rome, Italy"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Atzori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Nazionale Terremoti, 00143 Rome, Italy"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Chiarabba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Nazionale Terremoti, 00143 Rome, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav7046","article-title":"The 2018 rift eruption and summit collapse of K\u012blauea Volcano","volume":"363","author":"Neal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2214","DOI":"10.1029\/2003GL018896","article-title":"Etna 2002 eruption imaged from continuous tilt and GPS data","volume":"30","author":"Aloisi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geophys. 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