{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T11:22:38Z","timestamp":1761218558806,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Program for China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA","award":["(CARS-03","2115","2022TC169","IRT13039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(CARS-03","2115","2022TC169","IRT13039"]}]},{"name":"the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University","award":["(CARS-03","2115","2022TC169","IRT13039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(CARS-03","2115","2022TC169","IRT13039"]}]},{"name":"the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund and Postgraduate Independent Innovation Research Fund Project of China Agricultural University","award":["(CARS-03","2115","2022TC169","IRT13039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(CARS-03","2115","2022TC169","IRT13039"]}]},{"name":"Innovative Research Team in University of China","award":["(CARS-03","2115","2022TC169","IRT13039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(CARS-03","2115","2022TC169","IRT13039"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To obtain accurate soil parameters and improve the accuracy of the acoustic-soil discrete element simulation model, we studied the model\u2019s parameter calibration. The simulation test was carried out using the measured acoustic velocity and dominant frequency as the response value (index). Firstly, the Plackett\u2014Burman test scheme was used to obtain the sensitivity ranking of soil parameters to the dominant frequency and velocity of the acoustic wave. The parameters that significantly affect the acoustic wave were obtained: Shear modulus, Poisson\u2019s ratio, and coefficient of restitution. Then the Box\u2014Behnken test scheme was used to establish the regression relationship between the dominant frequency and the velocity of the sound wave and Shear modulus, Poisson\u2019s ratio, and Coefficient of restitution. The results shows that the indexes that researchers focus on are different in different scenarios, and the sensitivity of soil parameters to different indicators is different, which results in different soil parameter values after calibration. This study analyzed the main factors affecting the accuracy of the acoustic-discrete element model in constructing the model, provided a method for improving the construction accuracy of the acoustic wave\u2014soil discrete element model and provided a reference for the construction of discrete elements models in other fields.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15040943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]],"date-time":"2023-02-09T02:55:54Z","timestamp":1675911354000},"page":"943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Calibration of Acoustic-Soil Discrete Element Model and Analysis of Influencing Factors on Accuracy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6718-6370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shenghai","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment for Conservation Tillage, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Beijiing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5819-2960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caiyun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment for Conservation Tillage, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Beijiing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongwen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment for Conservation Tillage, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Beijiing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5126-3220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment for Conservation Tillage, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Beijiing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment for Conservation Tillage, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Beijiing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Panpan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 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