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To investigate its environmental impact, we retrieved the sulfur dioxide (SO2) and bromine monoxide (BrO) vertical column densities of environmental trace gas monitoring instrument 2 (EMI-2) based on the differential optical absorption spectroscopy algorithm. The results showed westward and southeastward transport of principal parts of SO2 and BrO plumes, respectively, from the Hunga Tonga\u2013Hunga Ha\u2019apai (HTHH) eruption. On 15 January, most of the released SO2 entered the stratosphere (above 20 km) directly and spread rapidly westward (approximately 30 m\/s). In contrast, the principal portion of the BrO spread southeastward slowly (approximately 10 m\/s) within the 8\u201315 km altitude layer on 16 January. Our research results also suggest that during the HTHH eruption, BrO was released from the magmatic melt later than SO2. The total SO2 emissions from this eruption were approximately 0.24 Tg. The majority of SO2 and BrO plumes were transported within the Southern Hemisphere. This study is an important extension to the empirical database of volcanological and magmatic degassing research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15061534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T03:03:57Z","timestamp":1678676637000},"page":"1534","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Diffusion Height and Order of Sulfur Dioxide and Bromine Monoxide Plumes from the Hunga Tonga\u2013Hunga Ha\u2019apai Volcanic Eruption"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Qidi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"},{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"},{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4568-6336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Le","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haijin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8181-9661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taiping","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fuqi","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenqing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.5194\/nhess-2-91-2002","article-title":"Short-term climatic impact of the 1991 volcanic eruption of Mt. 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