{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T20:40:34Z","timestamp":1772224834691,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Geodetic data can detect and estimate deformation signals and rates due to natural and anthropogenic phenomena. In the present study, we focus on northeastern Italy, an area characterized by ~1.5\u20133 mm\/yr of convergence rates due to the collision of Adria-Eurasia plates and active subsidence along the coasts. To define the rates and trends of tectonic and subsidence signals, we use a Multi-Temporal InSAR (MT-InSAR) approach called the Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers (StaMPS), which is based on the detection of coherent and temporally stable pixels in a stack of single-master differential interferograms. We use Sentinel-1 SAR images along ascending and descending orbits spanning the 2015\u20132019 temporal interval as inputs for Persistent Scatterers InSAR (PSI) processing. We apply spatial-temporal filters and post-processing steps to reduce unrealistic results. Finally, we calibrate InSAR measurements using GNSS velocities derived from permanent stations available in the study area. Our results consist of mean ground velocity maps showing the displacement rates along the radar Line-Of-Sight for each satellite track, from which we estimate the east\u2013west and vertical velocity components. Our results provide a detailed and original view of active vertical and horizontal displacement rates over the whole region, allowing the detection of spatial velocity gradients, which are particularly relevant to a better understanding of the seismogenic potential of the area. As regards the subsidence along the coasts, our measurements confirm the correlation between subsidence and the geological setting of the study area, with rates of ~2\u20134 mm\/yr between the Venezia and Marano lagoons, and lower than 1 mm\/yr near Grado.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15061704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T06:00:01Z","timestamp":1679464801000},"page":"1704","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Present-Day Surface Deformation in North-East Italy Using InSAR and GNSS Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3903-1969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Areggi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 40127 Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Universit\u00e0 di Trieste, 34128 Trieste, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4851-4193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Pezzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 00143 Rome, Italy"}]},{"given":"John Peter","family":"Merryman Boncori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DTU Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9461-3320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Letizia","family":"Anderlini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 40127 Bologna, Italy"}]},{"given":"Giuliana","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale-OGS, 34010 Sgonico, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1822-403X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico","family":"Serpelloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 40127 Bologna, Italy"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Zuliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale-OGS, 34010 Sgonico, Italy"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Bonini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Universit\u00e0 di Trieste, 34128 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 00143 Rome, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1130\/G33154.1","article-title":"Long-term growth of the Himalaya inferred from interseismic InSAR measurement","volume":"40","author":"Grandin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-246X.2012.05509.x","article-title":"New kinematic constraints of the western Doruneh fault, northeastern Iran, from interseismic deformation analysis","volume":"190","author":"Pezzo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Geophys. 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