{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:41:37Z","timestamp":1760125297804,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["61871083","62031010","61721001","CSTB2022BSXM-JSX0004","2022NSFSC1860","2023NSFSC0258"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61871083","62031010","61721001","CSTB2022BSXM-JSX0004","2022NSFSC1860","2023NSFSC0258"]}]},{"name":"Through Train Project","award":["61871083","62031010","61721001","CSTB2022BSXM-JSX0004","2022NSFSC1860","2023NSFSC0258"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61871083","62031010","61721001","CSTB2022BSXM-JSX0004","2022NSFSC1860","2023NSFSC0258"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province, China","award":["61871083","62031010","61721001","CSTB2022BSXM-JSX0004","2022NSFSC1860","2023NSFSC0258"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61871083","62031010","61721001","CSTB2022BSXM-JSX0004","2022NSFSC1860","2023NSFSC0258"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The electromagnetic (EM) scattering mechanism of dynamic oil spill\u2013covered sea surface area is studied in this manuscript. Utilizing the theory of oil film diffusion combined with oil spill volume, a three\u2013dimensional (3D) geometric model of dynamic oil spill\u2013covered sea surface area is established. The changes of the geometric structure and statistical characteristics of the sea surface area under the influence of the oil film are also analyzed. The thinner the oil spill thickness, the more sensitive it is to the sea surface slope and wave height. The facet-based hybrid model and the multilayer dielectric scattering method are combined to measure the EM scattering on the sea surface when covered by dynamic oil spills. In addition, the hydrodynamic and tilt effect are discussed. The EM scattering mechanism of the dynamic oil spill\u2013covered sea surface area is revealed, and the tilt modulation is greater than the hydrodynamic effect in the dynamic process of an oil spill. It provides an important reference for the remote sensing monitoring of oil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15071777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T02:18:27Z","timestamp":1679883507000},"page":"1777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Investigation of Electromagnetic Scattering Mechanisms from Dynamic Oil Spill\u2013Covered Sea Surface"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Dongfang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Communication Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China"},{"name":"The School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}]},{"given":"Zhiqin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}]},{"given":"Wenying","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Communication Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3505-9868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yajuan","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Communication Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"Ulaby, F.T., Moore, R.K., and Fung, A.K. 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