{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T12:12:22Z","timestamp":1774008742161,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CRHIAM","award":["ANID\/FONDAP\/15130015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANID\/FONDAP\/15130015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Phytoplankton is considered a strong predictor of the environmental quality of lakes, while Chlorophyll-a is an indicator of primary productivity. In this study, 25 LANDSAT images covering the 2014\u20132021 period were used to predict Chlorophyll-a in the Villarrica lacustrine system. A Chlorophyll-a recovery algorithm was calculated using two spectral indices (FAI and SABI). The indices that presented the best statistical indicators were the floating algal index (R2 = 0.87) and surface algal bloom index (R2 = 0.59). A multiparametric linear model for Chlorophyll-a estimation was constructed with the indices. Statistical indicators were used to validate the multiple linear regression model used to predict Chlorophyll-a by means of spectral indices, with the following results: a MBE of \u22120.136 \u03bc, RMSE of 0.055 \u03bc, and NRMSE of 0.019%. All results revealed the strength of the model. It is necessary to raise awareness among the population that carries out activities around the lake in order for them to take policy actions related to water resources in this Chilean lake. Furthermore, it is important to note that this study is the first to address the detection of algal blooms in this Chilean lake through remote sensing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15071929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T01:35:59Z","timestamp":1680572159000},"page":"1929","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Recovery of Water Quality and Detection of Algal Blooms in Lake Villarrica through Landsat Satellite Images and Monitoring Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0550-0253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lien","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Arquitectura y Dise\u00f1o, Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n, Lientur 1457, Concepci\u00f3n 4030000, Chile"}]},{"given":"Iongel","family":"Duran-Llacer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00e9mera Centro de Observaci\u00f3n de la Tierra, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingenier\u00eda y Tecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pir\u00e1mide 5750, Santiago 8580745, Chile"}]},{"given":"Lisandra","family":"Bravo Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Edmundo Larenas 219, Concepci\u00f3n 4030000, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3627-0363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Lami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Water Research IRSA, 70132 Sezione di Verbania, Italy"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Urrutia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070386, Chile"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-environ-021810-094524","article-title":"State of the World\u2019s Freshwater Ecosystems: Physical, Chemical, and Biological Changes","volume":"36","author":"Carpenter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. 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