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In this study, we test the latest high spatial resolution hyperspectral (Zhuhai-1 OHS) remote sensing imagery to examine different alpine grassland coverage levels using Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Analysis (MESMA). Our results suggest that the 3-endmember (3-EM) MESMA model can provide the highest image pixel unmixing percentage, with a percentage exceeding 97% and 96% for pixel scale and landscape scale, respectively. The overall accuracy shows that Zhuhai-1 OHS imagery obtained the highest overall accuracy (83.7%, k = 0.77) in the landscape scale, but in the pixel scale, it is not as good as Landsat 8 OLI imagery. Overall, we can conclude that the hyperspectral imagery combined 3-EM MESMA model performs better in both pixel scale and landscape scale alpine grassland coverage mapping, while the multispectral imagery with the 3-EM MESMA model can satisfy requirements of alpine grassland coverage mapping at the pixel scale. The approaches and workflow to mapping alpine grassland in this study can help monitor alpine grassland degradation; not only in the Qinghai\u2013Tibetan Plateau (QTP), but also in other grassland ecosystems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15092289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T01:28:28Z","timestamp":1682558908000},"page":"2289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Mapping Alpine Grassland Fraction Coverage Using Zhuhai-1 OHS Imagery in the Three River Headwaters Region, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1174-0122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China"},{"name":"School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"},{"name":"Department of Geography and Planning, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada"}]},{"given":"Ru","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China"}]},{"given":"Xulin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Planning, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7754-3674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoji","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China"},{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7937-5726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irini","family":"Soubry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Planning, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6677-3813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benlin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"},{"name":"School of Geographic Information and Tourism, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography and Planning, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada"},{"name":"Yanchi Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"given":"Xianglin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2021.108208","article-title":"Monitoring grassland degradation and restoration using a novel climate use efficiency (NCUE) index in the Tibetan Plateau, China","volume":"131","author":"An","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecol. 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