{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T03:24:42Z","timestamp":1781925882785,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,14]],"date-time":"2023-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2014NextGenerationEU","award":["CN00000013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN00000013"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2014NextGenerationEU","award":["CUP H93C22000450007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP H93C22000450007"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["CN00000013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN00000013"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["CUP H93C22000450007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP H93C22000450007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>PSI data are extremely useful for monitoring on-ground displacements. In many cases, clustering algorithms are adopted to highlight the presence of homogeneous patterns; however, clustering algorithms can fail to consider spatial constraints and be poorly specific in revealing patterns at lower scales or possible anomalies. Hence, we proposed a novel framework which combines a spatially-constrained clustering algorithm (SKATER) with a hypothesis testing procedure which evaluates and establishes the presence of significant local spatial correlations, namely the LISA method. The designed workflow ensures the retrieval of homogeneous clusters and a reliable anomaly detection; to validate this workflow, we collected Sentinel-1 time series from the Sibari and Metaponto coastal plains in Italy, ranging from 2015 to 2021. This particular study area is interesting due to the presence of important industrial and agricultural settlements. The proposed workflow effectively outlines the presence of both subsidence and uplifting that deserve to be focused and continuous monitoring, both for environmental and infrastructural purposes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15102560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]],"date-time":"2023-05-15T02:02:11Z","timestamp":1684116131000},"page":"2560","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["PSI Spatially Constrained Clustering: The Sibari and Metaponto Coastal Plains"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0211-0783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Amoroso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy"},{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4560-3054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Cilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2179-9398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide Oscar","family":"Nitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geophysical Applications Processing\u2014GAP s.r.l, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9998-8511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaele","family":"Nutricato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geophysical Applications Processing\u2014GAP s.r.l, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3341-1338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muzaffer Can","family":"Iban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geomatics Engineering, \u00c7iftlikk\u00f6y Campus, Mersin University, 33343 Mersin, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Maggipinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1372-3916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabina","family":"Tangaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5968-8642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso","family":"Monaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3198-2708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Bellotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u2019Aranno, P.J., Di Benedetto, A., Fiani, M., Marsella, M., Moriero, I., and Palenzuela Baena, J.A. 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