{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T05:49:04Z","timestamp":1780638544527,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42271491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42271491"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1568"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1568"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, China","award":["42271491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42271491"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, China","award":["CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1568"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1568"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>SM2RAIN is a well-established methodology for estimating precipitation from satellite or observed soil moisture and it has been applied as a complementary approach to conventional precipitation monitoring methods. However, satellite soil moisture retrievals are usually subject to various biases and limited number of retrievals (and therefore large intervals) in remote areas, such as the Tibetan Plateau (TP), and little is known about their potential impacts on precipitation estimation. This study seeks to quantify the uncertainties in Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) soil moisture estimated precipitation through the commonly used SM2RAIN by referring to in situ soil moisture observations from the central Tibetan Plateau soil moisture network. The estimated precipitation is evaluated against rain gauge observations. Additional attention is paid to different orbits of the SMAP retrievals. Results show that the original SM2RAIN algorithm tends to underestimate the precipitation amount in the central TP when using SMAP soil moisture retrievals as input. The retrieval accuracy and sampling interval of SMAP soil moisture from ascending (descending) orbits each count for 1.04 mm\/5 d (\u22120.18 mm\/5 d) and 1.67 mm\/5 d (0.72 mm\/5 d) of estimated precipitation uncertainties as represented by root mean square error. Besides, the descending product of SMAP with a relatively less sampling interval and higher retrieval accuracy outperforms the ascending one in estimating precipitation, and the combination of both two orbits does add value to the overall SM2RAIN estimation. This study is expected to provide guidance for future applications of SM2RAIN-derived precipitation. Meanwhile, more reliable SM2RAIN precipitation estimations are desired when using higher quality satellite soil moisture products with better retrieval accuracy and smaller intervals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15102600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T01:58:06Z","timestamp":1684288686000},"page":"2600","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Uncertainty Quantification of Satellite Soil Moisture Retrieved Precipitation in the Central Tibetan Plateau"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7556-8085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Remote Sensing Big Data Application, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7624-8860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Long","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Remote Sensing Big Data Application, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0809-2371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth System Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisheng","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Regional Response in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin, School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Remote Sensing Big Data Application, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xujun","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Remote Sensing Big Data Application, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3783-8363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingguo","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Remote Sensing Big Data Application, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1834-5088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"},{"name":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Remote Sensing Big Data Application, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1029\/2018GL080298","article-title":"The uneven nature of daily precipitation and its change","volume":"45","author":"Pendergrass","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geophys. 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