{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:09:34Z","timestamp":1760148574532,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"China Desert Meteorology Research Foundation","award":["Sqj2021006","PT2203","2022TSYCTD0007","KJF202302","41875023","IDM2021005","IDM2021001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Sqj2021006","PT2203","2022TSYCTD0007","KJF202302","41875023","IDM2021005","IDM2021001"]}]},{"name":"Special Project for the Construction of Innovation Environment in the Autonomous Region","award":["Sqj2021006","PT2203","2022TSYCTD0007","KJF202302","41875023","IDM2021005","IDM2021001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Sqj2021006","PT2203","2022TSYCTD0007","KJF202302","41875023","IDM2021005","IDM2021001"]}]},{"name":"Scientific and Technological Innovation Team (Tianshan Innovation Team) project","award":["Sqj2021006","PT2203","2022TSYCTD0007","KJF202302","41875023","IDM2021005","IDM2021001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Sqj2021006","PT2203","2022TSYCTD0007","KJF202302","41875023","IDM2021005","IDM2021001"]}]},{"name":"S&amp;T Development Fund of IDM","award":["Sqj2021006","PT2203","2022TSYCTD0007","KJF202302","41875023","IDM2021005","IDM2021001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Sqj2021006","PT2203","2022TSYCTD0007","KJF202302","41875023","IDM2021005","IDM2021001"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["Sqj2021006","PT2203","2022TSYCTD0007","KJF202302","41875023","IDM2021005","IDM2021001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Sqj2021006","PT2203","2022TSYCTD0007","KJF202302","41875023","IDM2021005","IDM2021001"]}]},{"name":"Special Funds for Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses of Central-level Public Welfare Scientific Research Institutes","award":["Sqj2021006","PT2203","2022TSYCTD0007","KJF202302","41875023","IDM2021005","IDM2021001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Sqj2021006","PT2203","2022TSYCTD0007","KJF202302","41875023","IDM2021005","IDM2021001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The exchange of energy between the land surface and atmosphere is dependent upon crucial parameters, including surface roughness, emissivity, bulk transfer coefficients for momentum (CD) and heat (CH). These parameters are calculated through site observation data and remote sensing data. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) the aerodynamic roughness of the Gurbantunggut Desert measures 1.1 \u00d7 10\u22122 m, which is influenced by the varying conditions of the underlying surface. The roughness decreases as wind speed increases and is seen to be directly proportional to the growth of vegetation. From April to June, the aerodynamic roughness increases with increasing vegetation cover, but begins to gradually decrease after July. Spatially, the middle regions show higher roughness values than the eastern and western areas. In the central part of the desert, the roughness is between 2.37 \u00d7 10\u22122 m and 2.46 \u00d7 10\u22122 m from April to November. The northwest and northeast regions measure 1.41 \u00d7 10\u22122 m\u20132.04 \u00d7 10\u22122 m and 1.53 \u00d7 10\u22122 m\u20132.39 \u00d7 10\u22122 m, respectively. (2) The surface emissivity is 0.93, and it varies depending on the snow and vegetation present in the underlying area. (3) CD and CH exhibit an inverse relationship with wind speed. When wind speed falls below 6 m\/s, the CD declines rapidly as wind speed increases. In contrast, once wind speed surpasses 6 m\/s, the propensity for the CD to decrease with increasing wind speed slows down and approaches stability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15102646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T09:23:10Z","timestamp":1684488190000},"page":"2646","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Parameterization and Remote Sensing Retrieval of Land Surface Processes in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China"},{"name":"Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China"},{"name":"National Observation and Research Station of Desert Meteorology, Taklimakan Desert of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830002, China"},{"name":"Taklimakan Desert Meteorology Field Experiment Station of CMA, Urumqi 830002, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Meteorology and Sandstorm, Urumqi 830002, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tree-Ring Physical and Chemical Research, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiacheng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China"},{"name":"National Observation and Research Station of Desert Meteorology, Taklimakan Desert of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830002, China"},{"name":"Taklimakan Desert Meteorology Field Experiment Station of CMA, Urumqi 830002, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Meteorology and Sandstorm, Urumqi 830002, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tree-Ring Physical and Chemical Research, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7335-801X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Mamtimin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China"},{"name":"National Observation and Research Station of Desert Meteorology, Taklimakan Desert of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830002, China"},{"name":"Taklimakan Desert Meteorology Field Experiment Station of CMA, Urumqi 830002, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Meteorology and Sandstorm, Urumqi 830002, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tree-Ring Physical and Chemical Research, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongqiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, 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