{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:11:04Z","timestamp":1760148664970,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,28]],"date-time":"2023-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["41974014","42274004","2022A1515010396"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41974014","42274004","2022A1515010396"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China","award":["41974014","42274004","2022A1515010396"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41974014","42274004","2022A1515010396"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Among the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-on temporal gravity products, the north\u2013south stripe noise in the spherical harmonic coefficient (SHC) products contaminates the inversion of the Earth\u2019s mass field. In this study, GRACE SHC products are adopted to estimate the mass changes in Nicaragua. To improve this estimation, we propose an empirical low-pass filter to suppress stripe noise. After only using our filter, the Nicaragua regional uncertainty diminishes from 123.26 mm to 69.11 mm, and the mean signal-to-noise ratio of all available months (2002\u20132021) improves from 1.67 to 1.8. Subsequently, our filter is employed to estimate the basin terrestrial water storage (TWS) change in Nicaragua. In the end, TWS change estimations are compared with various observations such as mascon products, hydrological models, and in situ groundwater observation. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) After using the wavelet coherent analysis, there is a negative resonance between TWS and the climate factor (El Nino\u2013Southern Oscillation) with a period of 2~4 years; (2) The significant ~3.8-year periodic signal in groundwater storage change estimation is contributed by GRACE aliasing error. Our work can provide new knowledge and references for mass change in small areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15112805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,28]],"date-time":"2023-05-28T15:29:52Z","timestamp":1685287792000},"page":"2805","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A GRACE\/GFO Empirical Low-Pass Filter to Extract the Mass Changes in Nicaragua"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0676-0612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangyu","family":"Jian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Urban Planning & Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou 510060, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8223-3021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South Surveying & Mapping Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510665, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.5194\/angeo-21-1897-2003","article-title":"Barometric tides from ECMWF operational analyses","volume":"21","author":"Ray","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. 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