{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:11:16Z","timestamp":1760148676119,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]],"date-time":"2023-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research project of the Macao Polytechnic University","award":["RP\/ESCA-03\/2021","0045\/2022\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP\/ESCA-03\/2021","0045\/2022\/A"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006469","name":"Science and Technology Development Fund of Macau SAR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP\/ESCA-03\/2021","0045\/2022\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP\/ESCA-03\/2021","0045\/2022\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006469","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since individual neural networks have limited deep expressiveness and effectiveness, many learning frameworks face difficulties in the availability and balance of sample selection. As a result, in change detection, it is difficult to upgrade the hit rate of a high-performance model on both positive and negative pixels. Therefore, supposing that the sacrificed components coincide perfectly with the important evaluation objectives, such as positives, it would lose more than gain. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a multi-visual collaborative deep network (MV-CDN) served by three collaborative network members that consists of three subdivision approaches, the CDN with one collaborator (CDN-C), CDN with two collaborators (CDN-2C), and CDN with three collaborators (CDN-3C). The purpose of the collaborator is to re-evaluate the feature elements in the network transmission, and thus to translate the group-thinking into a more robust field of vision. We use three sets of public double-temporal hyperspectral images taken by the AVIRIS and HYPERION sensors to show the feasibility of the proposed schema. The comparison results have confirmed that our proposed schema outperforms the existing state-of-the-art algorithms on the three tested datasets, which demonstrates the broad adaptability and progressiveness of the proposal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15112834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T02:04:21Z","timestamp":1685412261000},"page":"2834","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["MV-CDN: Multi-Visual Collaborative Deep Network for Change Detection of Double-Temporal Hyperspectral Images"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5107-0362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinlong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7490-6695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaochen","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau 999078, China"}]},{"given":"Jinfeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3640-3229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6172-8650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2020.106847","article-title":"Exploration of eco-environment and urbanization changes in coastal zones: A case study in China over the past 20 years","volume":"119","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecol. 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