{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T16:22:32Z","timestamp":1781626952340,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi","award":["2023-JC-QN-0292"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-JC-QN-0292"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi","award":["41904007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41904007"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi","award":["42104061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42104061"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023-JC-QN-0292"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-JC-QN-0292"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41904007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41904007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42104061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42104061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Ordos Block in China experiences tectonic activity and frequent earthquakes due to compression from the Tibetan Plateau and extension from the North China Block. This has prompted the construction of a high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) deformation field to better understand the region\u2019s crustal movement. Considering the limitations of the existing geodetic observations, we used InSAR, GPS, and leveling observations to create a high-precision 3D deformation field for the Ordos Block. Spherical wavelet decomposition was used to separate tectonic and non-tectonic deformation signals. Short-wavelength non-tectonic deformation fields revealed complex surface deformation patterns caused by groundwater, oil, gas extraction, and coal mining. Long-wavelength tectonic deformation fields showed subsidence in the southern margin of the block, while the interior and northeastern margins were uplifted. By combining imaging results from the seismic velocity structure and magnetotellurics, we infer that the upwelling of deep materials beneath the northeastern margin leads to surface uplift with tensile strain rates. The crustal uplift in the area south of 38\u00b0N matches the thickening of the lower crust. The weak subsidence and eastward horizontal movement disappearing near 108\u00b0E at the southern margin support the existence of asthenosphere flow beneath the Qinling orogenic belt.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15112890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T01:33:54Z","timestamp":1685669634000},"page":"2890","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Present-Day Three-Dimensional Deformation across the Ordos Block, China, Derived from InSAR, GPS, and Leveling Observations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4859-4365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuanjin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"},{"name":"The Second Monitoring and Application Center, China Earthquake Administration, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingyun","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Monitoring and Application Center, China Earthquake Administration, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangyu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Monitoring and Application Center, China Earthquake Administration, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3459-7824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caijun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Monitoring and Application Center, China Earthquake Administration, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiangtao","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Monitoring and Application Center, China Earthquake Administration, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guohua","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Monitoring and Application Center, China Earthquake Administration, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"The Research Group on \u201cActive Fault System around Ordos Massif\u201d (1988). 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