{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T08:50:34Z","timestamp":1775724634908,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]],"date-time":"2023-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Key Technology R&amp;D Program of Henan Province","award":["212102310838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["212102310838"]}]},{"name":"The Key Technology R&amp;D Program of Henan Province","award":["30500930"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30500930"]}]},{"name":"The Key Technology R&amp;D Program of Henan Province","award":["NDMBD2018001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NDMBD2018001"]}]},{"name":"The Key Technology R&amp;D Program of Henan Province","award":["YKJCX2022042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YKJCX2022042"]}]},{"name":"The Special Fund for Young Talents in Henan Agricultural University","award":["212102310838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["212102310838"]}]},{"name":"The Special Fund for Young Talents in Henan Agricultural University","award":["30500930"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30500930"]}]},{"name":"The Special Fund for Young Talents in Henan Agricultural University","award":["NDMBD2018001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NDMBD2018001"]}]},{"name":"The Special Fund for Young Talents in Henan Agricultural University","award":["YKJCX2022042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YKJCX2022042"]}]},{"name":"The Big Data Institute of Digital Natural Disaster Monitoring in Fujian","award":["212102310838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["212102310838"]}]},{"name":"The Big Data Institute of Digital Natural Disaster Monitoring in Fujian","award":["30500930"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30500930"]}]},{"name":"The Big Data Institute of Digital Natural Disaster Monitoring in Fujian","award":["NDMBD2018001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NDMBD2018001"]}]},{"name":"The Big Data Institute of Digital Natural Disaster Monitoring in Fujian","award":["YKJCX2022042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YKJCX2022042"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Science and Technology Innovation Project of Xiamen University of Technology","award":["212102310838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["212102310838"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Science and Technology Innovation Project of Xiamen University of Technology","award":["30500930"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30500930"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Science and Technology Innovation Project of Xiamen University of Technology","award":["NDMBD2018001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NDMBD2018001"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Science and Technology Innovation Project of Xiamen University of Technology","award":["YKJCX2022042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YKJCX2022042"]}]},{"name":"The Youth Fund of Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University","award":["212102310838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["212102310838"]}]},{"name":"The Youth Fund of Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University","award":["30500930"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30500930"]}]},{"name":"The Youth Fund of Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University","award":["NDMBD2018001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NDMBD2018001"]}]},{"name":"The Youth Fund of Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University","award":["YKJCX2022042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YKJCX2022042"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Urbanization is a crucial indicator which reflects the socio-economic development of a country or region. The regions across the Taiwan Strait (TSR) have garnered attention worldwide as being representative of typical urbanization development along the southeastern coast. Currently, research in the TSR predominantly focuses on individual regions, with limited academic achievements comparing urbanization paths across the strait. In particular, the domain of comparative analysis of the spatiotemporal characteristics of urbanization dynamics in TSR by using long time series of nighttime light data remains largely underexplored. Therefore, this study focused on comparing the urbanization paths in the TSR and analyzing the spatiotemporal characteristics of urbanization by using the long-term nighttime light data from 1992 to 2020. Additionally, some methods such as Theil\u2013Sen median trend analysis, Mann\u2013Kendall significance test, Hurst exponent, spatial statistics, and time series were used to quantitatively analyze the spatial distribution patterns and temporal trends of nighttime lights in the TSR since 1992. The results were as follows: (1) From 1992 to 2020, the spatial distribution of nighttime light data in TSR exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity, with high-value areas mainly located in southeastern Fujian and northwestern Taiwan, while low-value areas were concentrated in Fujian\u2019s inland regions; (2) During this period, nighttime lighting data increased from 729,863 in 1992 to 2,729,052 in 2020, and the percentage of its high-value (40\u2013063) increased from 2.59% in 1992 to 12.22% in 2020; (3) Comparison of nighttime light data across representative cities from Taiwan (Taipei, Hsinchu) and Fujian (Xiamen, Fuzhou) uncovered distinct growth patterns\u2014while Taiwanese cities had a high initial brightness value (the lowest value in the last 30 years was 518,379.4), their growth was relatively slow (average growth rate of 17%); Fujian cities, on the other hand, started from lower initial brightness value (the lowest value in the last 30 years was 35,123.1), but displayed substantial growth vigor (average growth rate of 222%); (4) During the study period, the nighttime light data of the vast majority of cities in the TSR demonstrated a significant increasing trend, particularly in coastal areas and urban centers; (5) Predictions of future trend variation suggest that the significantly increasing trend of cities surrounding Taiwan\u2019s primary metropolitan areas will intensify, whereas metropolitan regions such as Keelung may witness a decline in future trend variations. However, only a mere 0.03% of the nighttime light data show a significant decreasing trend. Additionally, there are distinct differences in the urbanization development stages of the TSR. Fujian is currently undergoing rapid urbanization, while Taiwan\u2019s urbanization has entered a stable stage. The study reveals that factors such as geographical location, natural resources, transportation infrastructure, population size, and industrial structure collectively influence the urbanization characteristics of the TSR. This research bears substantial significance for deepening the comprehension of the patterns and processes of urbanization development in the TSR and provides valuable insights for urban construction and development across the strait.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15133226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]],"date-time":"2023-06-22T02:09:17Z","timestamp":1687399757000},"page":"3226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Urbanization in the Taiwan Strait Based on Nighttime Light Data from 1992 to 2020"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yuqing","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China"},{"name":"Big Data Institute of Digital Natural Disaster Monitoring in Fujian, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China"}]},{"given":"Guoliang","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"}]},{"given":"Yuanrong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China"},{"name":"Big Data Institute of Digital Natural Disaster Monitoring in Fujian, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China"}]},{"given":"Ruijin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China"}]},{"given":"Zhiheng","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"387","article-title":"Comprehensive evaluation and the driving factors of China\u2019s urbanization","volume":"64","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Geogr. 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