{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T22:40:30Z","timestamp":1774305630364,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,29]],"date-time":"2023-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23-14-00127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23-14-00127"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Salinization is a significant adverse factor that suppresses productivity of agricultural plants. Multispectral imaging and calculation of reflectance indices, including the typical photochemical reflectance index (PRI), can be used for early revealing of changes in plants under salinization. However, the direction of change in typical PRI is dependent on the type of stressor and the experimental conditions. Earlier, we proposed modified PRIs with shifted measuring wavelengths and analyzed their changes under excess light, water deficit, and heating. In the current work, we investigated the sensitivity of these indices to changes in pea plants under salinization (100, 200, and 400 mM NaCl treatment). It was shown that short-wavelength PRIs were increased under this treatment; in contrast, long-wavelength PRIs were decreased. Most of the modified PRIs were strongly related to the maximal yield of photosystem II and the normalized difference vegetation index. Long-wavelength PRIs were more sensitive to plant changes than short-wavelength PRIs, typical PRI, and the normalized difference vegetation index because their stable decrease under moderate salinization (the 200 mM NaCl treatment) was initiated earlier. Our results show that long-wavelength PRIs, which also decreased under the action of the excess light, water deficit, and heating, can be potentially used as a universal tool for early revealing of stress changes in plants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15153772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T01:48:50Z","timestamp":1690768130000},"page":"3772","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Influence of Soil Salt Stress on Modified Photochemical Reflectance Indices in Pea Plants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2918-8134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Sukhova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}]},{"given":"Yuriy","family":"Zolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}]},{"given":"Alyona","family":"Popova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6702-2445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyubov","family":"Yudina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8712-9127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir","family":"Sukhov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712831","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2021.712831","article-title":"Soil salinity and sodicity in drylands: A review of causes, effects, monitoring, and restoration measures","volume":"9","author":"Stavi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2973","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0158","article-title":"Implications of climate change for agricultural productivity in the early twenty-first century","volume":"365","author":"Gornall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6663","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26907-3","article-title":"Global predictions of primary soil salinization under changing climate in the 21st century","volume":"12","author":"Hassani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2016.03.011","article-title":"Effect of salt stress on growth, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence systems in Phaseolus vulgaris L","volume":"105","author":"Abderrahim","year":"2016","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saddiq, M.S., Iqbal, S., Hafeez, M.B., Ibrahim, A.M.H., Raza, A., Fatima, E.M., Baloch, H., Woodrow, P., and Ciarmiello, L.F. (2021). Effect of salinity stress on physiological changes in winter and spring wheat. Agronomy, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy11061193"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1080\/00380768.2011.567398","article-title":"Effect of salinity and silicon on root characteristics, growth, water status, proline content and ion accumulation of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.)","volume":"57","author":"Kafi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Plant Nutr."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.14205","article-title":"Root dynamic growth strategies in response to salinity","volume":"45","author":"Zou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2494.1967.tb00536.x","article-title":"Salinity effects on roots and tops of bermudagrass","volume":"22","author":"Youngner","year":"1967","journal-title":"Grass Forage Sci."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2000.402488x","article-title":"Salinity effects on zoysiagrass cultivars and experimental lines","volume":"40","author":"Qian","year":"2000","journal-title":"Crop Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.21273\/JASHS.137.3.134","article-title":"Growth response and gene expression in antioxidant-related enzymes in two bermudagrass genotypes differing in salt tolerance","volume":"137","author":"Hu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2022.02.004","article-title":"Change in the photochemical and structural organization of thylakoids from pea (Pisum sativum) under salt stress","volume":"177","author":"Dhokne","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2022.03.003","article-title":"Regulation of photosynthesis under salt stress and associated tolerance mechanisms","volume":"178","author":"Zahra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trifunovi\u0107-Mom\u010dilov, M., Milo\u0161evi\u0107, S., Markovi\u0107, M., \u00d0uri\u0107, M., Jevremovi\u0107, S., Dragi\u0107evi\u0107, I.\u010c., and Suboti\u0107, A.R. (2021). Changes in photosynthetic pigments content in non-transformed and AtCKX transgenic centaury (Centaurium erythraea Rafn) shoots grown under salt stress in vitro. Agronomy, 11.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00866-7"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2007.12.008","article-title":"Leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, reflectance, and physiological response to freshwater and saltwater flooding in the evergreen shrub, Myrica cerifera","volume":"63","author":"Naumann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.11.043","article-title":"Plant salt-tolerance mechanism: A review","volume":"495","author":"Liang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-03-15-0340-FE","article-title":"Plant disease detection by imaging sensors\u2014Parallels and specific demands for precision agriculture and plant phenotyping","volume":"100","author":"Mahlein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Dis."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kior, A., Sukhov, V., and Sukhova, E. (2021). Application of reflectance indices for remote sensing of plants and revealing actions of stressors. Photonics, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/photonics8120582"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-7909.2012.01167.x","article-title":"Satellite-based Studies on Large-Scale Vegetation Changes in China","volume":"54","author":"Zhao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Integr. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12060998","article-title":"Review: Cost-effective unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform for field plant breeding application","volume":"12","author":"Jang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1353691","article-title":"Significant remote sensing vegetation indices: A review of developments and applications","volume":"2017","author":"Xue","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Sens."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2014.08.014","article-title":"Improving forest aboveground biomass estimation using seasonal Landsat NDVI time-series","volume":"102","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogram. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xing, N., Huang, W., Xie, Q., Shi, Y., Ye, H., Dong, Y., Wu, M., Sun, G., and Jiao, Q.A. (2020). Transformed triangular vegetation index for estimating winter wheat leaf area index. Remote Sens., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12010016"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-4257(94)90136-8","article-title":"Reflectance indices associated with physiological changes in nitrogen- and water-limited sunflower leaves","volume":"48","author":"Gamon","year":"1994","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2004.01.010","article-title":"Reflectance assessment of seasonal and annual changes in biomass and CO2 uptake of a Mediterranean shrubland submitted to experimental warming and drought","volume":"90","author":"Filella","year":"2004","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1071\/FP11284","article-title":"Reflectance indices as nondestructive indicators of the physiological status of Ceratonia siliqua seedlings under varying moisture and temperature regimes","volume":"39","author":"Romano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Funct. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-7348.2010.00411.x","article-title":"Photochemical reflectance index as a mean of monitoring early water stress","volume":"157","author":"Sarlikioti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Appl. Biol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2011.04.036","article-title":"Assessing structural effects on PRI for stress detection in conifer forests","volume":"115","author":"Morales","year":"2011","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4443","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160802575661","article-title":"PRI assessment of long-term changes in carotenoids\/chlorophyll ratio and short-term changes in de-epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle","volume":"30","author":"Filella","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.3732\/ajb.0800395","article-title":"Nondestructive estimation of anthocyanins and chlorophylls in anthocyanic leaves","volume":"96","author":"Gitelson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.12361","article-title":"Constitutive changes in pigment concentrations: Implications for estimating isoprene emissions using the photochemical reflectance index","volume":"156","author":"Harris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. Plant."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-4257(92)90059-S","article-title":"A narrow-waveband spectral index that tracks diurnal changes in photosynthetic efficiency","volume":"41","author":"Gamon","year":"1992","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2012.04.008","article-title":"Chlorophyll index, photochemical reflectance index and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements of rice leaves supplied with different N levels","volume":"113","author":"Shrestha","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1007\/s004420050337","article-title":"The photochemical reflectance index: An optical indicator of photosynthetic radiation use efficiency across species, functional types, and nutrient levels","volume":"112","author":"Gamon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eru400","article-title":"Evolution under the sun: Optimizing light harvesting in photosynthesis","volume":"66","author":"Ruban","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2004.03.012","article-title":"A new instrument for passive remote sensing: 2. Measurement of leaf and canopy reflectance changes at 531 nm and their relationship with photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence","volume":"91","author":"Evain","year":"2004","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1134\/S1990747819030085","article-title":"Analysis of changes in photochemical reflectance index (PRI) in relation to the acidification of the lumen of the chloroplasts of pea and geranium leaves under a short-term illumination","volume":"13","author":"Sukhova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochem. Moscow Suppl. Ser. A"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sukhov, V., Sukhova, E., Khlopkov, A., Yudina, L., Ryabkova, A., Telnykh, A., Sergeeva, E., Vodeneev, V., and Turchin, I. (2021). Proximal imaging of changes in photochemical reflectance index in leaves based on using pulses of green-yellow light. Remote Sens., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13091762"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"491","article-title":"Canopy reflectance, stomatal conductance, and yield of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Phaseolus coccinues L. under saline field conditions","volume":"7","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Agric. Biol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2010.514305","article-title":"Heumann. B.W. Hyperspectral remote sensing of salinity stress on red (Rhizophora mangle) and white (Laguncularia racemosa) mangroves on Galapagos Islands","volume":"2","author":"Song","year":"2011","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Lett."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s11258-008-9482-2","article-title":"Spatial variations in salinity stress across a coastal landscape using vegetation indices derived from hyperspectral imagery","volume":"202","author":"Naumann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plant Ecol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-011-0955-z","article-title":"Effects of salinity on physiological responses and the photochemical reflectance index in two co-occurring coastal shrubs","volume":"354","author":"Zinnert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sukhova, E., Yudina, L., Kior, A., Kior, D., Popova, A., Zolin, Y., Gromova, E., and Sukhov, V. (2022). Modified photochemical reflectance indices as new tool for revealing influence of drought and heat on pea and wheat plants. Plants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11101308"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.3390\/rs8090677","article-title":"affecting factors and recent improvements of the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) for remotely sensing foliar, canopy and ecosystemic radiation-use efficiencies","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10050771","article-title":"Connection of the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) with the photosystem II quantum yield and nonphotochemical quenching can be dependent on variations of photosynthetic parameters among investigated plants: A meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Sukhova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sukhova, E., and Sukhov, V. (2020). Relation of photochemical reflectance indices based on different wavelengths to the parameters of light reactions in photosystems I and II in pea plants. Remote Sens., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12081312"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.17221\/209\/2009-PSE","article-title":"NaCl salinity-induced changes in water status, ion contents and photosynthetic properties of Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt. Seedlings","volume":"56","author":"Qin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plant Soil Environ."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zahid, A., Abbas, H.T., Imran, M.A., Qaraqe, K.A., Alomainy, A., Cumming, D.R.S., and Abbasi, Q.H. (2019). Characterization and water content estimation method of living plant leaves using terahertz waves. Appl. Sci., 9.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201907.0125.v1"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12049","DOI":"10.15835\/nbha49112049","article-title":"Changes in plant growth, leaf relative water content and physiological traits in response to salt stress in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties","volume":"49","author":"Meguekam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Not. Bot. Horti Agrobot. Cluj-Napoca"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2869","DOI":"10.1080\/014311697217396","article-title":"Estimation of plant water concentration by the reflectance Water Index WI (R900\/R970)","volume":"18","author":"Ogaya","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1093\/jexbot\/51.345.659","article-title":"Chlorophyll fluorescence\u2014A practical guide","volume":"51","author":"Maxwell","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s11120-014-0024-6","article-title":"Frequently asked questions about in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence: Practical issues","volume":"122","author":"Kalaji","year":"2014","journal-title":"Photosynth. Res."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sukhova, E., Kior, D., Kior, A., Yudina, L., Zolin, Y., Gromova, E., and Sukhov, V. (2022). New normalized difference reflectance indices for estimation of soil drought influence on pea and wheat. Remote Sens., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14071731"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2007.0362","article-title":"Combined spectral index to improve ground-based estimates of nitrogen status in dryland wheat","volume":"100","author":"Eitel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Agron. J."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2014.12.001","article-title":"Soil salinity: A serious environmental issue and plant growth promoting bacteria as one of the tools for its alleviation","volume":"22","author":"Shrivastava","year":"2015","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2015.00873","article-title":"Salinity tolerance in plants. Quantitative approach to ion transport starting from halophytes and stepping to genetic and protein engineering for manipulating ion fluxes","volume":"6","author":"Volkov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389.2020.1735231","article-title":"Non-stomatal limitation of photosynthesis by soil salinity","volume":"51","author":"Pan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tokarz, K.M., Weso\u0142owski, W., Tokarz, B., Makowski, W., Wysocka, A., J\u0119drzejczyk, R.J., Chrabaszcz, K., Malek, K., and Kostecka-Guga\u0142a, A. (2021). Stem photosynthesis\u2014A key element of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) acclimatisation to salinity. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020685"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s13593-015-0287-0","article-title":"Salt stress in maize effects resistance mechanisms and management: A review","volume":"35","author":"Farooq","year":"2015","journal-title":"Agron. Sustain. Dev."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aai8878","article-title":"Improving photosynthesis and crop productivity by accelerating recovery from photoprotection","volume":"354","author":"Kromdijk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1515\/opag-2019-0033","article-title":"Effect of salinity on the morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in Bangladesh","volume":"4","author":"Ahmed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Agric."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L20405","DOI":"10.1029\/2007GL031021","article-title":"NMDI: A normalized multi-band drought index for monitoring soil and vegetation moisture with satellite remote sensing","volume":"34","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s11738-014-1747-x","article-title":"Effectiveness of photochemical reflectance index to trace vertical and seasonal chlorophyll a\/b ratio in Haloxylon ammodendron","volume":"37","author":"Nyongesah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Plant."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2015.02.025","article-title":"Temporal chlorophyll fluorescence signals to track changes in optical properties of maturing rice panicles exposed to high night temperature","volume":"177","author":"Jagadish","year":"2015","journal-title":"Field Crop. Res."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14530","DOI":"10.3390\/rs71114530","article-title":"Spatiotemporal variation in mangrove chlorophyll concentration using Landsat 8","volume":"7","author":"Atkinson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_65","first-page":"22","article-title":"Comparison of UAV and WorldView-2 imagery for mapping leaf area index of mangrove forest","volume":"61","author":"Tian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinform."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2010.08.023","article-title":"The photochemical reflectance index (PRI) and the remote sensing of leaf, canopy and ecosystem radiation use efficiencies. A review and meta-analysis","volume":"115","author":"Garbulsky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s11120-020-00718-x","article-title":"A light-induced decrease in the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) can be used to estimate the energy-dependent component of non-photochemical quenching under heat stress and soil drought in pea, wheat, and pumpkin","volume":"146","author":"Yudina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Photosynth. Res."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2010.11.012","article-title":"Effect of drought on pigments, osmotic adjustment and antioxidant enzymes in six woody plant species in karst habitats of southwestern China","volume":"71","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2013.02.011","article-title":"Hydraulic signals in long-distance signaling","volume":"16","author":"Christmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3040.1995.tb00188.x","article-title":"Effects of patchy stomatal closure on gas exchange measurements following abscisic acid treatment","volume":"18","author":"Mott","year":"1995","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yudina, L., Sukhova, E., Sherstneva, O., Grinberg, M., Ladeynova, M., Vodeneev, V., and Sukhov, V. (2020). Exogenous abscisic acid can influence photosynthetic processes in peas through a decrease in activity of H+-ATP-ase in the plasma membrane. Biology, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology9100324"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.01092","article-title":"Changes in H+-ATP synthase activity, proton electrochemical gradient, and pH in pea chloroplast can be connected with variation potential","volume":"7","author":"Sukhov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-012-2317-9","article-title":"Physiology of the seasonal relationship between the photochemical reflectance index and photosynthetic light use efficiency","volume":"170","author":"Nichol","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.13159","article-title":"Three causes of variation in the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) in evergreen conifers","volume":"206","author":"Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-4257(95)00186-7","article-title":"Optimization of soil-adjusted vegetation indices","volume":"55","author":"Rondeaux","year":"1996","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1109\/36.134076","article-title":"Atmospherically resistant vegetation index (ARVI) for EOS-MODIS","volume":"30","author":"Kaufman","year":"1992","journal-title":"IEEE Transact. Geosci. Remote Sens."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/15\/15\/3772\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:22:04Z","timestamp":1760127724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/15\/15\/3772"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,29]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["rs15153772"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs15153772","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,29]]}}}