{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:12:01Z","timestamp":1760130721048,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]],"date-time":"2023-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007835","name":"Silesian University of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK-274\/ROZ1\/2023 (13\/010\/BK_23\/0072)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK-274\/ROZ1\/2023 (13\/010\/BK_23\/0072)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007835","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The application of a process model to investigate pine tree infestation caused by bark beetles is discussed. The analysis of this disease was carried out using spatial and spatio\u2212temporal models of random point patterns. Spatial point patterns were constructed for remote sensing images of pine trees damaged by the apical bark beetle. The method of random point processes was used for their analysis. A number of known models of point pattern processes with pairwise interaction were fitted to actual data. The best model to describe the real data was chosen using the Akaike information index. The residual K\u2212function was used to check the fit of the model to the real data. According to values of the Akaike information criterion and the residual K\u2212function, two models were found to correspond best to the investigated data. These are the generalized Geyer model of the point process of saturation and the pair interaction process with the piecewise constant potential of a pair of points. For the first time, a spatio\u2212temporal model of the contagious process was used for analysis of tree damage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15163941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]],"date-time":"2023-08-09T10:21:50Z","timestamp":1691576510000},"page":"3941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Analysing Pine Disease Spread Using Random Point Process by Remote Sensing of a Forest Stand"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Rostyslav","family":"Kosarevych","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Karpenko Physics and Mechanics Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5 Naukova Str., 79060 Lviv, Ukraine"},{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence Systems, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Stepan Bandera Str., 79000 Lviv, Ukraine"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4006-4362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabela","family":"Jonek-Kowalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics and Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, 2A, Akademicka Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}]},{"given":"Bohdan","family":"Rusyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karpenko Physics and Mechanics Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5 Naukova Str., 79060 Lviv, Ukraine"},{"name":"Department of Informatics and Teleinformatics, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 29, Malczewskiego Str., 26-600 Radom, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0907-3682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anatoliy","family":"Sachenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics and Teleinformatics, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 29, Malczewskiego Str., 26-600 Radom, Poland"},{"name":"Research Institute for Intelligent Computer Systems, West Ukrainian National University, 11 Lvivska Str., 46009 Ternopil, Ukraine"}]},{"given":"Oleksiy","family":"Lutsyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karpenko Physics and Mechanics Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5 Naukova Str., 79060 Lviv, Ukraine"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2006.10.011","article-title":"The effectiveness of vegetation management practices for prevention and control of bark beetle infestations in coniferous forests of the western and southern United States","volume":"238","author":"Fettig","year":"2007","journal-title":"For. 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