{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T12:04:25Z","timestamp":1783339465750,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program","award":["2019QZKK0708"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QZKK0708"]}]},{"name":"Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program","award":["41988101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41988101"]}]},{"name":"Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program","award":["XDA20070301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA20070301"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China BSCTPES project","award":["2019QZKK0708"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QZKK0708"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China BSCTPES project","award":["41988101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41988101"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China BSCTPES project","award":["XDA20070301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA20070301"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Strategic Priority Research Program","award":["2019QZKK0708"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QZKK0708"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Strategic Priority Research Program","award":["41988101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41988101"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Strategic Priority Research Program","award":["XDA20070301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA20070301"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lithium (Li) has grown to be a strategic key metal due to the enormous demand for the development of new energy industries over the world. As one of the most significant sources of Li resources, pegmatite-type Li deposits hold a large share of the mining market. In recent years, several large and super-large spodumene (Spd)-rich pegmatite deposits have been discovered successively in the Hoh-Xil\u2013Songpan-Garz\u00ea (HXSG) orogenic belt of the northern Tibetan Plateau, indicative of the great Li prospecting potential of this belt. Hyperspectral remote sensing (HRS), as a rapidly developing exploration technology, is especially sensitive to the identification of alteration minerals, and has made important breakthroughs in porphyry copper deposit exploration. However, due to the small width of the pegmatite dykes and the lack of typical alteration zones, the ability of HRS in the exploration of Li-rich pegmatite deposits remains to be explored. In this study, Li-rich pegmatite anomalies were directly extracted from ZY1-02D hyperspectral imagery in the Zhawulong (ZWL) area of western Sichuan, China, using target detection techniques including Adaptive Cosine Estimator (ACE), Constrained Energy Minimization (CEM), Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM), and SAM with BandMax (SAMBM). Further, the Li-rich anomalies were superimposed with the distribution of pegmatite dykes delineated based on GF-2 high-resolution imagery. Our final results accurately identified the known range of Spd pegmatite dykes and further predicted two new exploration target areas. The approaches used in this study could be easily extended to other potential mineralization areas to discover new rare metal pegmatite deposits on the Tibetan Plateau.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15163969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T10:24:47Z","timestamp":1691663087000},"page":"3969","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Lithium-Rich Pegmatite Detection Integrating High-Resolution and Hyperspectral Satellite Data in Zhawulong Area, Western Sichuan, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4788-7984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenqing","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6322-8307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingting","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinxiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2282-5102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liyun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schulz, K.J., DeYoung, J.J.H., Seal Ii, R.R., and Bradley, D.C. 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