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Comparative studies between ground-based and satellite observations are necessary to assess and promote the potential use of column HCHO as a proxy for surface HCHO and volatile organic compound (VOC) oxidation. Previous studies have only validated temporal and vertical profile variations at one point, with limited studies comparing horizontal spatial variations due to sparse monitoring sites. The photochemistry-active Chinese Greater Bay Area (GBA) is a typical megacity cluster as well as a large hotspot of HCHO globally, which recorded a high incidence of ozone (O3) pollution. Here, we conducted the first comparative study of ground-gridded (HCHOgg) and satellite-derived (HCHOsd) HCHO during typical O3 episodes in the GBA. Our results revealed a good correlation between HCHOgg and HCHOsd, with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.5. Cloud coverage and ground pixel sizes were found to be the dominant factors affecting the quality of HCHOsd and contributing to the varying satellite pixel density. Daily averages of HCHOsd effectively improved the HCHOsd accuracy, except in areas with low satellite pixel density. Furthermore, a new quality control procedure was established to improve HCHOsd from Level 2 to Level 3, which demonstrated good application performance in O3 sensitivity analysis. Our findings indicate that the correlation between satellite observations and surface air quality can be optimized by spatiotemporal averaging of hourly HCHOsd, given the advent of geostationary satellites. Considering the representative range of sampling sites in this comparative study, we recommend establishing VOC monitoring stations within a 50 km radius in the GBA to further analyze and control photochemical pollution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15163998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T10:33:23Z","timestamp":1691750003000},"page":"3998","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Comparative Study of Ground-Gridded and Satellite-Derived Formaldehyde during Ozone Episodes in the Chinese Greater Bay Area"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2737-1658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiming","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xujun","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0301-2050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Atmospheric Environment and Carbon Neutrality in Nanling Forests, Guangzhou 511443, China"},{"name":"Australia-China Centre for Air Quality Science and Management (Guangdong), Guangzhou 511443, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4018-7765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiangyong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2194-1884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daocheng","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Atmospheric Environment and Carbon Neutrality in Nanling Forests, Guangzhou 511443, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dakang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Aerospace Remote Sensing Innovations (ARSI), Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qinqin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Atmospheric Environment and Carbon Neutrality in Nanling Forests, Guangzhou 511443, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunfeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinnian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Aerospace Remote Sensing Innovations (ARSI), Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boguang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Atmospheric Environment and Carbon Neutrality in Nanling Forests, Guangzhou 511443, China"},{"name":"Australia-China Centre for Air Quality Science and Management (Guangdong), Guangzhou 511443, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.3155\/1047-3289.59.11.1258","article-title":"Deciphering the Role of Radical Precursors during the Second Texas Air Quality Study","volume":"59","author":"Olaguer","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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