{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T04:50:31Z","timestamp":1769316631541,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]],"date-time":"2023-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22-17-00097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22-17-00097"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent decades, acceleration of coastal erosion has been observed at many key sites of the Arctic region. Coastal dynamics of both erosional and accretional stretches at Kharasavey, Kara Sea, was studied using multi-temporal remote sensing data covering the period from 1964 to 2022. Cross-proxy analyses of the interplay between coastal dynamics and regional (wave and thermal action) and local (geomorphic and lithological features; technogenic impact) drivers were supported by cluster analysis and wind\u2013wave modelling via the Popov\u2013Sovershaev method and WaveWatch III. Ice-rich permafrost bluffs and accretional sandy beaches exhibited a tendency towards persistent erosion (\u22121.03 m\/yr and \u22120.42 m\/yr, respectively). Shoreline progradation occurred locally near Cape Burunniy (6% of the accretional stretch) and may be due to sediment flux reversals responding to sea-ice decline. Although the mean rates of erosion were decreasing at a decadal scale, cluster analysis captured a slight increase in the retreat for 71% of the erosional stretch, which is apparently related to the forcing of wind\u2013wave and thermal energy. Erosional hotspots (up to \u22127.9 m\/yr) occurred mainly in the alignment of Cape Kharasavey and were predominantly caused by direct human impact. The presented study highlights the non-linear interaction of the Arctic coastal change and environmental drivers that require further upscaling of the applied models and remote sensing data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15174199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T05:46:47Z","timestamp":1693201607000},"page":"4199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Coastal Dynamics at Kharasavey Key Site, Kara Sea, Based on Remote Sensing Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Georgii","family":"Kazhukalo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Geoecology of the North, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3017-8961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Novikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Geoecology of the North, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"given":"Natalya","family":"Shabanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Geoecology of the North, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"given":"Mikhail","family":"Drugov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Geoecology of the North, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"given":"Stanislav","family":"Myslenkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oceanology, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 36, Nakhimovskii pr., 117997 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Shabanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Geoecology of the North, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 36, Nakhimovskii pr., 117997 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"given":"Nataliya","family":"Belova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Geoecology of the North, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4002-4600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanislav","family":"Ogorodov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Geoecology of the North, Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/s43017-021-00232-1","article-title":"Drivers, dynamics and impacts of changing Arctic coasts","volume":"3","author":"Irrgang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Earth Environ."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"38","article-title":"A decade of remotely sensed observations highlight complex processes linked to coastal permafrost bluff erosion in the Arctic","volume":"1","author":"Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s12237-010-9362-6","article-title":"The Arctic Coastal Dynamics database: A new classification scheme and statistics on Arctic permafrost coastlines","volume":"35","author":"Lantuit","year":"2012","journal-title":"Estuaries Coasts"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.2112\/SI95-117.1","article-title":"Coastal erosion of the Russian Arctic: An overview","volume":"95","author":"Ogorodov","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1144\/SP388.13","article-title":"Coastal changes in the Arctic","volume":"388","author":"Overduin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Geol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4297","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-10-4297-2013","article-title":"Short- and long-term thermo-erosion of ice-rich permafrost coasts in the Laptev Sea region","volume":"10","author":"Overduin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1029\/2008GL036205","article-title":"Increase in the rate and uniformity of coastline erosion in Arctic Alaska","volume":"36","author":"Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stark, N., Green, B., Brilli, N., Eidam, E., Franke, K.W., and Markert, K. (2022). Geotechnical Measurements for the Investigation and Assessment of Arctic Coastal Erosion\u2014A Review and Outlook. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse10070914"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.5194\/tc-9-151-2015","article-title":"Observing Muostakh disappear: Permafrost thaw subsidence and erosion of a ground-ice-rich island in response to arctic summer warming and sea ice reduction","volume":"9","author":"Overduin","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Cryosphere"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1007\/s00367-004-0192-z","article-title":"Coastal Dynamics at the Barents and Kara Sea Key Sites","volume":"25","author":"Vasiliev","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geo-Mar. Lett."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Novikova, A., Belova, N., Baranskaya, A., Aleksyutina, D., Maslakov, A., Zelenin, E., Shabanova, N., and Ogorodov, S. (2018). Dynamics of permafrost coasts of Baydaratskaya Bay (Kara Sea) based on multi-temporal remote sensing data. Remote Sens., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10091481"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2018.07.007","article-title":"Temporal and spatial variability in coastline response to declining sea-ice in northwest Alaska","volume":"404","author":"Farquharson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Geol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-022-01281-0","article-title":"Increase in Arctic coastal erosion and its sensitivity to warming in the twenty-first century","volume":"12","author":"Nielsen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Clim. Chang."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.01.124","article-title":"Managing coastal environments under climate change: Pathways to adaptation","volume":"572","author":"Gracia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"56","article-title":"The Kara Sea coastal dynamics","volume":"10","author":"Vasiliev","year":"2006","journal-title":"Earth\u2019s Cryosphere"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"72","article-title":"Coastal dynamics of western Yamal","volume":"15","author":"Vasilyev","year":"2010","journal-title":"Earth\u2019s Cryosphere"},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Popov, A.I. (1985). Evolution of Eurasian cryolithozone in Upper Cenozoic, Nauka Publication. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Solomatin, V.I. (1988). Study of the Stability of the Geosystems of the North, Moscow University Press. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"73","article-title":"Erosion of permafrost coasts of Kara Sea near Kharasavey Cape, Western Yamal","volume":"21","author":"Belova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Earth\u2019s Cryosphere"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.2112\/SI95-071.1","article-title":"Spatiotemporal variability of coastal retreat rates at western Yamal Peninsula, Russia, based on remotely sensed data","volume":"95","author":"Belova","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Kaplyanskaya, F.A. (1982). Ice Wedges of the Cryolithozone, SO AN USSR Permafrost Institute Publication. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Grigoriev, N.F. (1987). Permafrost of the Western Yamal Nearshore Zone, SO AN USSR Permafrost Institute Publication. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1530(199604)7:2<165::AID-PPP218>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Pleistocene permafrost of West Siberia as a deformable glacier bed","volume":"7","author":"Astakhov","year":"1996","journal-title":"Perm. Perigl. Proc."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"46","article-title":"Problems of gas facilities operations in the coastal zone of the Western Yamal","volume":"13","author":"Yuryev","year":"2009","journal-title":"Earth\u2019s Cryosphere"},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Vasilchuk, Y.K., Krylov, G.V., and Podborniy, E.E. (2006). Cryosphere of Oil, Gas and Condensate Fields on the Yamal Peninsula, Nedra Publishers. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1080\/10889378809377352","article-title":"Thermal abrasion of sea coasts","volume":"12","author":"Are","year":"1988","journal-title":"Polar Geogr. Geol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.2112\/05-0572.1","article-title":"The A and m coefficients in the Bruun\/Dean equilibrium profile equation seen from the Arctic","volume":"2","author":"Are","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1134\/S0001437006040138","article-title":"Forecast of coastal changes based on morphodynamical modeling","volume":"46","author":"Leontiev","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oceanology"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gibbs, A.E., Erikson, L.H., Jones, B.M., Richmond, B.M., and Engelstad, A.C. (2021). Seven Decades of Coastal Change at Barter Island, Alaska: Exploring the Importance of Waves and Temperature on Erosion of Coastal Permafrost Bluffs. Remote Sens., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13214420"},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Tolman, H. (2022, December 18). The WAVEWATCH III Development Group User Manual and System Documentation of WAVEWATCH III Version 6.07. Tech. Note 333, NOAA\/NWS\/NCEP\/MMAB 2019. Available online: https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/336069899_User_manual_and_system_documentation_of_WAVEWATCH_III_R_version_607."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"105","article-title":"Some features of the coastal dynamics in the Asian Arctic","volume":"119","author":"Popov","year":"1982","journal-title":"Vopr. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.24057\/2071-9388-2018-11-1-113-129","article-title":"Hydrometeorological forcing of western Russian Arctic coastal dynamics: XX-century history and current state","volume":"11","author":"Shabanova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geogr. Environ. Sustain."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Trofimov, V.T. (1975). Yamal Peninsula, MSU Publication. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Pavlov, V.A., Lebedeva, E.S., and Lakeev, V.G. (2016). Kara Sea. Ecological Atlas, Arctic Scientific Center LLC. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"81","article-title":"Regional features of Arctic coastal evolution during Holocene","volume":"4","author":"Romanenko","year":"2012","journal-title":"Geomophologia"},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Porter, C., Morin, P., Howat, I., Noh, M., Bates, B., Peterman, K., Keesey, S., Schlenk, M., Gardiner, J., and Tomko, K. (2018). ArcticDEM, Harvard Dataverse."},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"311","article-title":"Geology and geomorphology of the Yamal Peninsula\u2014New area perspective for oil and gas investigations","volume":"225","author":"German","year":"1963","journal-title":"Proc. VNIGRI"},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"(2023, March 01). Weather and Climate (Pogoda I Klimat), Weather Records at Marre-Sale Weather Station. Available online: http:\/\/www.pogodaiklimat.ru\/history\/23032.htm."},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"Lopatukhin, L.I., Bukhanovskii, A.V., and Chernysheva, E.S. (2009). Reference Data on the Wind and Wave Regime of the Japanese and Kara Seas, Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"26","article-title":"Changes of the hydrometeorological potential of thermoabrasion on the Russian Arctic sea coasts","volume":"1","author":"Ogorodov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vest. Mosk. Univ. Ser. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.15356\/2071-9388_03v09_2016_04","article-title":"Coastal Dynamics of the Pechora and Kara Seas Under Changing Climatic Conditions and Human Disturbances","volume":"3","author":"Ogorodov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geogr. Environ. Sustain."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1134\/S0001437022040105","article-title":"Changes in the Ice-Free Period Duration in the Kara Sea Coastal Zone from Satellite Data","volume":"62","author":"Shabanov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oceanology"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogorodov, S., Badina, S., and Bogatova, D. (2023). Sea Coast of the Western Part of the Russian Arctic under Climate Change: Dynamics, Technogenic Influence and Potential Economic Damage. Climate, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cli11070143"},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"(2023, April 01). EarthExplorer\u2014Home, Available online: https:\/\/earthexplorer.usgs.gov\/."},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"(2014). ESRI ArcGIS Desktop, Release 10.2.2, Environmental Systems Research Institute."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"723","article-title":"Temporal analysis of shoreline recession and accretion","volume":"7","author":"Dolan","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.2112\/03-0071.1","article-title":"Shoreline Definition and Detection: A Review","volume":"21","author":"Boak","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.2112\/JCR-SI50-111.1","article-title":"Beach erosion trend measurement: A comparison of trend indicators","volume":"50","author":"Hanslow","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2016.01.002","article-title":"Coastal geoindicators: Towards the establishment of a common framework for sandy coastal environments","volume":"154","author":"Taborda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Earth-Sci. Rev."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2020.107058","article-title":"Understanding spatio-temporal barrier dynamics through the use of multiple shoreline proxies","volume":"354","author":"Pollard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1002\/2017JF004326","article-title":"Variability in rates of coastal change along the Yukon coast, 1951 to 2015","volume":"123","author":"Irrgang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Himmelstoss, E.A., Henderson, R.E., Kratzmann, M.G., and Farris, A.S. (2021). Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) ver. 5.1 User Guide: USGS Open-File Report 2021\u20131091.","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr20211091"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1963.10500845","article-title":"Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function","volume":"58","author":"Ward","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. Amer. Stat. As."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hennig, C., Meila, M., Murtagh, F., and Rocci, R. (2015). Handbook of Cluster Analysis, Chapman and Hall\/CRC.","DOI":"10.1201\/b19706"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, J. (2012). Advances in k-Means Clustering: A Data Mining Thinking, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-29807-3"},{"key":"ref_56","unstructured":"GEBCO Compilation Group (2022). GEBCO_2022 Grid, GEBCO Compilation Group."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1002\/qj.3803","article-title":"The ERA5 global reanalysis","volume":"146","author":"Hersbach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5419","DOI":"10.1175\/JCLI-D-16-0758.1","article-title":"The modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications, version 2 (MERRA-2)","volume":"30","author":"Gelaro","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clim."},{"key":"ref_59","unstructured":"Meier, W., Fetterer, F., Windnagel, A., and Stewart, J. (2017). NOAA\/NSIDC Climate Data Record of Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration, Version 4. [G02202], NSIDC (National Snow and Ice Data Center)."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ES6016","DOI":"10.2205\/2020ES000725","article-title":"Ice-free period detection method in the Arctic coastal zone","volume":"20","author":"Shabanov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Russ. J. Earth. Sci."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1175\/JTECH-D-11-00092.1","article-title":"Observation consistent input and white capping dissipation in a model for wind generated surface waves: Description and simple calculations","volume":"29","author":"Rogers","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocemod.2015.07.014","article-title":"Observation based source terms in the third-generation wave model WAVEWATCH","volume":"96","author":"Zieger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ocean. Mod."},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"10","article-title":"Observation-based source terms in the third-generation wave model WAVEWATCH III: Updates and verification","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Phys. Ocean."},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"ES000828","article-title":"Number of Storms in Several Russian Seas: Trends and Connection to Large-Scale Atmospheric Indices","volume":"23","author":"Myslenkov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Russ. J. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1175\/2010BAMS3001.1","article-title":"The NCEP climate forecast system reanalysis","volume":"91","author":"Saha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1175\/JCLI-D-12-00823.1","article-title":"The NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2","volume":"27","author":"Saha","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clim."},{"key":"ref_67","unstructured":"(2023, May 10). NCAR Research Data Archive. Available online: https:\/\/rda.ucar.edu."},{"key":"ref_68","unstructured":"(2023, May 10). Marine Geology and Geophysics Data, Available online: https:\/\/www.ngdc.noaa.gov\/mgg\/global\/."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Myslenkov, S., Platonov, V., Kislov, A., Silvestrova, K., and Medvedev, I. (2021). Thirty-Nine-Year Wave Hindcast, Storm Activity, and Probability Analysis of Storm Waves in the Kara Sea, Russia. Water, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/w13050648"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1134\/S1028334X2106012X","article-title":"Increase in Storm Activity in the Kara Sea from 1979 to 2019: Numerical Simulation Data","volume":"498","author":"Myslenkov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dokl. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_71","first-page":"87","article-title":"High-resolution modeling of hydrometeorological fields over the Kara Sea coastal regions with irregular coastline","volume":"1","author":"Platonov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vest. Mosk. Univ. Ser. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5575","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-5575-2021","article-title":"The impact of sea waves on turbulent heat fluxes in the Barents Sea according to numerical modeling","volume":"21","author":"Myslenkov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_73","unstructured":"Andersland, O.B., and Ladanyi, B. (2004). Frozen Ground Engineering, John Wiley & Sons. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.2112\/SI95-069.1","article-title":"Late quaternary and modern evolution of permafrost coasts at Beliy island, Kara Sea","volume":"95","author":"Baranskaya","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Belova, N., Ermolov, A., Novikova, A., Ogorodov, S., and Stanilovskaya, Y. (2023). Dynamics of Low-Lying Sandy Coast of the Gydan Peninsula, Kara Sea, Russia, Based on Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Data. Remote Sens., 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15010048"},{"key":"ref_76","first-page":"677","article-title":"Spit and barrier island migration in the southeastern Canadian Beaufort Sea","volume":"7","author":"Hequette","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"ref_77","unstructured":"Tweedie, C.E., Aguirre, A., Cody, R., Vargas, S., and Brown, J. (2012, January 25\u201329). Spatial and temporal dynamics of erosion along the Elson Lagoon Coastline near Barrow, Alaska (2002\u20132011). Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Permafrost, Salekhard, Russia."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566227","DOI":"10.3389\/feart.2020.566227","article-title":"The role of thermal denudation in erosion of ice-rich permafrost coasts in an enclosed bay","volume":"8","author":"Baranskaya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1007\/s00367-004-0191-0","article-title":"Observed storminess patterns and trends in the circum-Arctic coastal regime","volume":"25","author":"Atkinson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geo-Mar. Lett."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1130\/G23672A.1","article-title":"Quantitative remote sensing study indicates doubling of coastal erosion rate in past 50 yr along a segment of the Arctic coast of Alaska","volume":"35","author":"Mars","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.14430\/arctic3536","article-title":"Notes on the shoreline recession along the coast of the Yukon Territory","volume":"16","author":"Mackay","year":"1963","journal-title":"Arctic"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hopkins, D.M., and Hartz, R.W. (1978). Coastal Morphology, Coastal Erosion, and Barrier Islands of the Beaufort Sea, Alaska, Report No. 78-1063.","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr781063"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1002\/ppp.1777","article-title":"Recent Progress Regarding Permafrost Coasts","volume":"24","author":"Lantuit","year":"2013","journal-title":"Permafr. Periglac. Process."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Konopczak, A.M., Manso, G.K., and Couture, N.J. (2014). Variability of Coastal Change along the Western Yukon Coast, Geological Survey of Canada Open File Report.","DOI":"10.4095\/293788"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Islam, M.A., Lubbad, R., and Afzal, M.S. (2020). A Probabilistic Model of Coastal Bluff-Top Erosion in High Latitudes Due to Thermoabrasion: A Case Study from Baydaratskaya Bay in the Kara Sea. J. Mar. Sci. Eng., 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse8030169"},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"275","article-title":"Low coasts of the Western Arctic Seas: Genesis, age and modern dynamics","volume":"140","author":"Romanenko","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vopr. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogorodov, S., Baranskaya, A., Shabanova, N., Belova, N., Bogatova, D., Novikova, A., and Selyuzhenok, V. (2022, January 19\u201324). Erosion of the russian arctic coasts in changing environment. Proceedings of the 39th IAHR World Congress, Granada, Spain.","DOI":"10.3850\/IAHR-39WC2521711920221175"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-08240-4","article-title":"Permafrost is warming at a global scale","volume":"10","author":"Biskaborn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polar.2018.11.008","article-title":"The urgency of Arctic change","volume":"21","author":"Overland","year":"2019","journal-title":"Polar Sci."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocecoaman.2011.06.001","article-title":"Integrating anthropogenic factors, geomorphological indicators and local knowledge in the analysis of coastal flooding and erosion hazards","volume":"54","author":"Bernatchez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ocean. Coast. Manag."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2012.11.025","article-title":"Geomorphic and human influence on large-scale coastal change","volume":"199","author":"Hapke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115013","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/ac3176","article-title":"Expanding infrastructure and growing anthropogenic impacts along Arctic coasts","volume":"16","author":"Bartsch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_93","first-page":"127","article-title":"Challenges and perspectives for human activity in Arctic coastal environments\u2014A review of selected interactions and problems","volume":"25","year":"2011","journal-title":"Misc. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1007\/s00367-004-0200-3","article-title":"Human impacts on coastal stability in the Pechora Sea","volume":"25","author":"Ogorodov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geo-Marine Lett."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s11852-009-0068-5","article-title":"Changes in landscape and vegetation of coastal dunes in northwest Europe: A review","volume":"15","author":"Provoost","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Coast. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2016.12.029","article-title":"Understanding coastal change using shoreline trend analysis supported by cluster-based segmentation","volume":"282","author":"Burningham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"ref_97","unstructured":"(2023, March 20). Launch of Kharasaveyskoye Gas and Condensate Field. 20 March 2019. Available online: http:\/\/en.kremlin.ru\/events\/president\/news\/60113."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/15\/17\/4199\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:39:38Z","timestamp":1760128778000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/15\/17\/4199"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]]},"references-count":97,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["rs15174199"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs15174199","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-4292","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]]}}}