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The spatial and temporal evolution patterns of deformation of 17 large soil and rockfill dams in Henan Province were analyzed by using the PS-InSAR technique and 55 Sentinel-1A images from March 2017 to September 2021. Based on factors such as reservoir water level and rainfall, a series of analyses were conducted on the Xiaolangdi soil and rockfill dam, which has the highest dam height and the most prominent deformation problem. The monitoring results show that all the soil and rockfill dams in Henan Province have different degrees of deformation, and there is a close relationship between dam height and deformation. In addition, the deformation rate of the Xiaolangdi soil and rockfill dam in the past five years presents a \u201cStepped Shape\u201d deformation trend from the top to the bottom of the dam. The deformation of the upper, middle, and lower parts of the dam body reaches 80 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mm, respectively, among which the middle part of the dam crest has the largest deformation. Furthermore, the time series prediction model for sparrow search algorithm Long Short-Term Memory considering the moving average filter (MAF-SSA-LSTM) is proposed to predict and accurately analyze the future deformation of Xiaolangdi soil and rockfill dam with RMSE of 1.526 mm, MAE of 1.447 mm, and MAPE of 2.22%, which proved that the model has high prediction accuracy. It can truly reflect the overall deformation trend of the dam body. The results provide a theoretical basis and decision basis for the census of reservoir safety conditions and deformation history retrieval in Henan Province.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15174293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T08:45:31Z","timestamp":1693557931000},"page":"4293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Soil and Rockfill Dams Safety Assessment for Henan Province: Monitoring, Analysis and Prediction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3785-2026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}]},{"given":"Mengyuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6034-3062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5321-2136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenfei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China"},{"name":"Hebei Institute of Investigation & Design of Water Conservancy & Hydropower Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300202, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4925-440X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zechao","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China"}]},{"given":"Bochen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}]},{"given":"Geshuang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Space Information Engineering, Henan College of Surveying and Mapping, Zhengzhou 450015, China"}]},{"given":"Yuanxi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Professional Study, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"National Bureau of Statistics (2021). 2020 China Statistical Yearbook, China Statistics Press."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Discussion on lterative Construction Strategy and Application of Domestic lnland Water in SAR Satellite Constellation","volume":"43","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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