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However, large variations in target heights and serious occlusion lead to obvious mismatches in areas with discontinuous depths, such as building edges. To solve this problem, the present study mines the geometric and semantic information of line segments to produce a constraint for the dense matching process. First, a disparity consistency-based line segment matching method is proposed. This method correctly matches line segments on building structures in discontinuous areas based on the assumption that, within the corresponding local areas formed by two corresponding line pairs, the disparity obtained by the coarse-level matching of the hierarchical dense matching is similar to that derived from the local homography estimated from the corresponding line pairs. Second, an adaptive guide parameter is designed to constrain the cost propagation between pixels in the neighborhood of line segments. This improves the rationality of cost aggregation paths in discontinuous areas, thereby enhancing the matching accuracy near building edges. Experimental results using satellite and aerial images show that the proposed method efficiently obtains reliable line segment matches at building edges with a matching precision exceeding 97%. Under the constraint of the matched line segments, the proposed dense matching method generates building edges that are visually clearer, and achieves higher accuracy around edges, than without the line segment constraint.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15174311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T08:45:31Z","timestamp":1693557931000},"page":"4311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Hierarchical Edge-Preserving Dense Matching by Exploiting Reliably Matched Line Segments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Yue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenzhen 518040, China"},{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"},{"name":"Hunan Institute of Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology, Changsha 410007, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenzhen 518040, China"},{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6049-8005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuming","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1137-2208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanhao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610038, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/0097-8493(94)00126-J","article-title":"Models for photogrammetric building reconstruction","volume":"19","author":"Braun","year":"1995","journal-title":"Comput. 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