{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T20:12:24Z","timestamp":1769631144498,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Project supported by discipline innovation team of Liaoning Technical University","award":["LNTU20TD-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LNTU20TD-06"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Land surface temperature (LST) is closely associated with urban and rural development. To study the spatiotemporal evolution of the LST, we used daily night light and LST data as well as the gravity model, coupling coordination model, standard deviation ellipse, and other methods. Under the analysis\u2013coordination\u2013gravity framework, we studied the spatiotemporal and gravitational evolution of the nighttime LST in the Henan Province in 2013, 2016, 2019, and 2022. Our research revealed significant differences in the high-brightness values of nighttime lighting between different years and seasons. The maximum offset distance occurred in the winters of 2013\u20132016 at 20,933.28 m, whereas the minimum offset distance was observed in the autumns of 2019\u20132022 at 1196.03 m. In addition, the spatiotemporal gravity of the LST exhibits a certain evolution pattern. Although differences in the direction of evolution and the distribution of high gravity density were found, a homogenization trend was observed for the distribution of gravity in the spring of 2016, autumn of 2019, and summer of 2022. LST shows different characteristics over changing space and seasons, and its gravity shows the characteristics of spatial aggregation. The results provide new ideas for LST studies and are of significance for the restoration of ecosystems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15174347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T02:43:20Z","timestamp":1693795400000},"page":"4347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Spatiotemporal Gravitational Evolution of the Night Land Surface Temperature: An Empirical Study Based on Night Lights"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Qiang","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China"}]},{"given":"Bwalya","family":"Mutale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Cong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2020.00071","article-title":"UN decade on ecosystem restoration 2021\u20132030\u2014What chance for success in restoring coastal ecosystems?","volume":"7","author":"Waltham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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