{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T16:20:23Z","timestamp":1781194823774,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,16]],"date-time":"2023-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Laoshan Laboratory","award":["LSKJ202203500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LSKJ202203500"]}]},{"name":"Laoshan Laboratory","award":["SDBX2023012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SDBX2023012"]}]},{"name":"Laoshan Laboratory","award":["QDBSH20230202009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QDBSH20230202009"]}]},{"name":"Shandong Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["LSKJ202203500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LSKJ202203500"]}]},{"name":"Shandong Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["SDBX2023012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SDBX2023012"]}]},{"name":"Shandong Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["QDBSH20230202009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QDBSH20230202009"]}]},{"name":"Qingdao Postdoctoral Program Grant","award":["LSKJ202203500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LSKJ202203500"]}]},{"name":"Qingdao Postdoctoral Program Grant","award":["SDBX2023012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SDBX2023012"]}]},{"name":"Qingdao Postdoctoral Program Grant","award":["QDBSH20230202009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QDBSH20230202009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In nature, the wavy ocean surface is a common polarizer, which can change the polarization state of incident light by refraction and reflection and form a new polarization pattern different from the atmosphere. In this paper, we establish the polarized optical transmission model of wavy ocean surface reflection and refraction and simulate polarization patterns induced by wavy ocean surfaces. We study the polarization patterns reflected by wavy water surfaces and polarization patterns inside and outside Snell\u2019s window under wavy ocean surfaces. The correctness of the simulation results is verified by qualitative and quantitative analysis. The environmental factors affecting the corresponding polarization patterns are discussed. Through contrastive analysis, we find that polarization patterns induced by wavy water surfaces are predictable and regular, which has great potential for human application. This kind of polarization pattern is influenced by the sun\u2019s position and water surface condition. The study will promote the development of remote sensing, target detection, and polarization navigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15184565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T23:32:27Z","timestamp":1694993547000},"page":"4565","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Study on the Polarization Pattern Induced by Wavy Water Surfaces"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Haoyuan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8127-4336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Micro\/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-8890(99)00064-0","article-title":"A mobile robot employing insect strategies for navigation","volume":"30","author":"Lambrinos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Robot. 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